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The largest eigenvalue of a matrix is always larger or equal than its largest diagonal entry. We show that for a large class of random Laplacian matrices, this bound is essentially tight: the largest eigenvalue is, up to lower order terms,…

概率论 · 数学 2015-07-28 Afonso S. Bandeira

Consider any random graph model where potential edges appear independently, with possibly different probabilities, and assume that the minimum expected degree is omega(ln n). We prove that the adjacency matrix and the Laplacian of that…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-02-10 Roberto Imbuzeiro Oliveira

We propose a probabilistic interpretation of transformers as unrolled inference steps assuming a probabilistic Laplacian Eigenmaps model from the ProbDR framework. Our derivation shows that at initialisation, transformers perform "linear"…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Aditya Ravuri , Neil D. Lawrence

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) conventionally rely on standard Laplacian or adjacency matrices for structural message passing. In this work, we substitute the traditional Laplacian with a Doubly Stochastic graph Matrix (DSM), derived from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zhaobo Hu , Vincent Gauthier , Mehdi Naima

The pseudoinverse of a graph Laplacian is used in many applications and fields, such as for instance in the computation of the effective resistance in electrical networks, in the calculation of the hitting/commuting times for a Markov chain…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-09-30 Angela Fontan , Claudio Altafini

The diffusion maps embedding of data lying on a manifold has shown success in tasks such as dimensionality reduction, clustering, and data visualization. In this work, we consider embedding data sets that were sampled from a manifold which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Eitan Rosen , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yoel Shkolnisky

A network of coupled dynamical systems is represented by a graph whose vertices represent individual cells and whose edges represent couplings between cells. Motivated by the impact of synchronization results of the Kuramoto networks, we…

动力系统 · 数学 2023-10-10 Tiago Amorim , Miriam Manoel

We present a novel spectral embedding of graphs that incorporates weights assigned to the nodes, quantifying their relative importance. This spectral embedding is based on the first eigenvectors of some properly normalized version of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-04 Thomas Bonald , Alexandre Hollocou , Marc Lelarge

For a simple and connected graph, several lower and upper bounds of graph invariants expressed in terms of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix have been proposed in literature. In this paper, through a unified approach based…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-01-27 Gian Paolo Clemente , Alessandra Cornaro

Cross-Correlation random matrices have emerged as a promising indicator of phase transitions in spin systems. The core concept is that the evolution of magnetization encapsulates thermodynamic information [R. da Silva, Int. J. Mod. Phys. C,…

统计力学 · 物理学 2024-08-19 Roberto da Silva , Sandra D. Prado

Here we have investigated a few properties of the eigenvalues of normalized (geometric) graph Laplacian in different graphs. Preservation of eigenvalue 1 from a particular subgraph to the entire graph, the spectrum of the graph constructed…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-03-07 Anirban Banerjee

The construction of a meaningful graph plays a crucial role in the success of many graph-based representations and algorithms for handling structured data, especially in the emerging field of graph signal processing. However, a meaningful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-02-23 Xiaowen Dong , Dorina Thanou , Pascal Frossard , Pierre Vandergheynst

We report our experiments in identifying large bipartite subgraphs of simple connected graphs which are based on the sign pattern of eigenvectors belonging to the extremal eigenvalues of different graph matrices: adjacency, signless…

谱理论 · 数学 2018-06-06 Debdas Paul , Dragan Stevanovic

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are fundamental tools in graph machine learning. The performance of GNNs relies crucially on the availability of informative node features, which can be limited or absent in real-life datasets and applications.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Ziyao Cui , Edric Tam

We consider a magnetic Laplacian with periodic magnetic potentials on periodic discrete graphs. Its spectrum consists of a finite number of bands, where degenerate bands are eigenvalues of infinite multiplicity. We obtain a specific…

谱理论 · 数学 2018-08-24 Evgeny Korotyaev , Natalia Saburova

In this paper, we present GGSD, a novel graph generative model based on 1) the spectral decomposition of the graph Laplacian matrix and 2) a diffusion process. Specifically, we propose to use a denoising model to sample eigenvectors and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Giorgia Minello , Alessandro Bicciato , Luca Rossi , Andrea Torsello , Luca Cosmo

The Laplacian matrix of a simple graph is the difference of the diagonal matrix of vertex degree and the (0,1) adjacency matrix. In the past decades, the Laplacian spectrum has received much more and more attention, since it has been…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-10-31 Xiao-Dong Zhang

In this article we consider the spectrum of a Laplacian matrix, also known as the Markov matrix, under the independence assumption. We assume that the entries have a variance profile. Motivated by recent works on generalized Wigner matrices…

概率论 · 数学 2021-07-13 Anirban Chatterjee , Rajat Subhra Hazra

The graph Laplacian, a typical representation of a network, is an important matrix that can tell us much about the network structure. In particular its eigenpairs (eigenvalues and eigenvectors) incubate precious topological information…

数值分析 · 数学 2013-11-08 Luca Bergamaschi , Enrico Bozzo , Massimo Franceschet

Spectral embedding is a powerful graph embedding technique that has received a lot of attention recently due to its effectiveness on Graph Transformers. However, from a theoretical perspective, the universal expressive power of spectral…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-12 Jiangyan Ma , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang