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Q-slope issue, which is caused by the field dependent surface resistance, puzzled people for a long time in SRF fields. In this paper, we related the Q-slope with surface treatments; and proposed a surface-impurity model to explain the…
Recent experiments on superconducting cavities have found that under large radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields the quality factor can improve with increasing field amplitude, a so-called "anti-Q slope." Linear theories of…
The radio-frequency surface resistance of niobium resonators is incredibly reduced when nitrogen impurities are dissolved as interstitial in the material, conferring ultra-high Q-factors at medium values of accelerating field. This effect…
Niobium superconducting radiofrequency cavities enable applications in modern accelerators and quantum computers. However, the surface resistance significantly deteriorates the cavities performance. Nitrogen doping surface treatment can…
Small (compared to coherence length) weak superconducting defects when located at the surface, combined with the proximity and percolation effects, are claimed responsible for various observations with superconducting rf accelerating…
The Q-factor of superconducting accelerating cavities can be substantially improved by a special heat treatment under N2 atmosphere (N-doping). Recent experiments at Fermi National Laboratory investigated the dependence of Q on the RF…
Tunneling spectroscopy was performed on Nb pieces prepared by the same processes used to etch and clean superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. Air exposed, electropolished Nb exhibited a surface superconducting gap delta=1.55 meV,…
It has been observed that impurity doping and/or ion-beam-induced damage in high $T_{c}$ superconductors cause a metal-insulator transition and thereby suppress the critical temperature. Based on our recent theory of the weak localization…
In this study, we present new insights on the origin of the high-field Q-slope in superconducting radio-frequency cavities. Consequent hydrofluoric acid rinses are used to probe the radio-frequency performance as a function of the material…
Within the framework of the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, the effect of the extended impurity scatterers on the quasiparticle transport of cuprate superconductors in the superconducting state is studied based on the nodal…
A model for the onset of the reduction in SRF cavity quality factor, the so-called Q-drop, at high accelerating electric fields is presented. Breakdown of the surface barrier against magnetic flux penetration at the cavity equator is…
In a recent publication [Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 092601 (2014)] Ciovati et al. claim that: 1) thermal effects were disregarded in our original work [*]; 2) increase of $Q$ at $T=2$ K up to about $B\sim$100 mT in nitrogen doped cavities is…
For many new accelerator applications, superconducting radio frequency (SRF) systems are the enabling technology. In particular for CW applications, much effort is being expended to minimize the power dissipation (surface resistance) of…
The dependence of the Q-value on the RF field (Q-slope) is actively studied in various accelerator laboratories. Although remedies against this dependence have been found, the physical cause still remains obscure. A rather straightforward…
An increase in the quality factor of superconducting radiofrequency cavities is achieved by minimizing the surface resistance during processing steps. The surface resistance is the sum of temperature independent residual resistance and…
Recently proposed scenarios for the cuprates make extensive use of a ``flat'' quasiparticle (q.p.) dispersion and short-range hole-hole interactions in real-space, both caused by antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations. The density of states…
The cuprate superconductors distinguish themselves from the conventional superconductors in that a small variation in the carrier doping can significantly change the superconducting transition temperature (T_c), giving rise to a…
Advances in SRF technology over the last 40 years allowed achieving accelerating gradients ~ 50 MV/m corresponding to peak surface magnetic field close to the theoretical limit of niobium. However, the quality factor decreases significantly…
High Q-factors are of utmost importance to minimize losses of superconducting radio-frequency cavities deployed in continuous wave particle accelerators. This study elucidates the surface treatment that can maximize the Q-factors in…
Motivated by the problem of the residual surface resistance of the superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities, we develop a microscopic theory of the surface impedance of s-wave superconductors with magnetic impurities. We analytically…