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Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) systems exhibit unconventional electromagnetic response close to their zero permittivity regime. Here, we explore the ability of ultrathin ENZ films to modulate the transmission of radiation from an underlying…

光学 · 物理学 2026-03-04 Arun Mambra , Ravi Pant , Joy Mitra

One of the technical barriers impeding the wide applications of integrated photonic circuits is the lack of ultracompact, high speed, broadband electro-optical (EO) modulators, which up-convert electronic signals into high bit-rate photonic…

光学 · 物理学 2015-10-23 Kaifeng Shi , Zhaolin Lu

This work aims to design a CMOS compatible, low-electrical power consumption modulator assisted by plasmons. For compactness and reduction of the electrical power consumption, electro-absorption based on the Franz-Keldysh effect in…

光学 · 物理学 2022-07-20 Nicolás Abadía

Compact electro-optic (EO) modulators with large extinction ratios, low-switching energies, and high operation speeds are desirable for integrated photonic and linear optical computing. Traditional 3D semiconductors and dielectrics are…

光学 · 物理学 2023-01-26 Ruoyu Yuan , Jason Lynch , Deep Jariwala

Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials, defined by $ | Re({\epsilon}) | < 1$, enable unique light propagation characteristics, including confinement within sub-wavelength regions. To reduce losses in this regime, materials with both near-zero…

Vanadium dioxide (${\rm VO}_2$) is a phase change material (PCM) that exhibits a large change in complex refractive index on the order of unity upon switching from its dielectric to its metallic phase. Although this property is key for the…

应用物理 · 物理学 2018-05-04 Herman M. K. Wong , Amr S. Helmy

We present the design, modeling, and optimization of high-performance plasmonic electro-optic modulators leveraging voltage-gated carrier density in indium tin oxide (ITO) where the gated carrier density is modeled using both the Classical…

We investigate a plasmonic electro-optic modulator with an extinction ratio exceeding 1 dB/um by engineering the optical mode to be in-plane with the graphene layer, and show how lowering the operating temperature enables steeper switching.…

应用物理 · 物理学 2017-09-07 Zhizhen Ma , Rubab Amin , Sikandar Khan , Mohammad Tahersima , Volker J. Sorger

$\beta$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ nanomembranes, obtained by ion-beam-assisted exfoliation, are used in the fabrication of simple metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structures, that are tested as photodetectors (PD) and field-effect transistors (FET).…

Heterogeneously-integrated electro-optic modulators (EOM) are demonstrated using the hybrid-mode concept, incorporating thin-film lithium niobate (LN) by bonding with silicon nitride (SiN) passive photonics. At wavelengths near 1550 nm,…

A low voltage, wide bandwidth compact electro-optic modulator is a key building block in the realization of tomorrow's communication and networking needs. Recent advances in the fabrication and application of thin-film lithium niobate, and…

Active photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in the visible spectrum are essential for on-chip applications, requiring low-loss waveguides with broad transparency and efficient, low-power phase modulation. Here, we demonstrate a compact,…

We present a multifunctional on-chip optical device utilizing epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterials, allowing precise beam control through phase modulation. This design acts as both an all-optical switch and a tunable beam splitter,…

光学 · 物理学 2025-01-17 Yu Peng

Optical modulators are one of the most important elements of photonic circuits. Here, we designed, fabricated and characterized a nanophotonic all optical modulator (NOM) in silicon that is an order of magnitude smaller than any previous…

应用物理 · 物理学 2017-12-11 Apratim Majumder , Bing Shen , Randy Polson , Trisha Andrew , Rajesh Menon

To translate electrical into optical signals one uses the modulation of either the refractive index or the absorbance of a material by an electric field. Contemporary electroabsorption modulators (EAMs) employ the quantum confined Stark…

We experimentally demonstrate efficient third harmonic generation from an indium tin oxide (ITO) nanofilm (lambda/42 thick) on a glass substrate for a pump wavelength of 1.4 um. A conversion efficiency of 3.3x10^-6 is achieved by exploiting…

Vacuum fluctuation-induced interactions between macroscopic metallic objects result in an attractive force between them, a phenomenon known as the Casimir effect. This force is the result of both plasmonic and photonic modes. For very thin…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-05-24 Tao Gong , Inigo Liberal , Benjamin Spreng , Miguel Camacho , Nader Engheta , Jeremy N. Munday

As photonic systems progress toward enhanced miniaturization, dynamic reconfigurability, and improved energy efficiency, a central challenge endures: the accurate and independent control of optical losses and resonant properties on…

光学 · 物理学 2025-10-30 Shahab Ramezanpour , Amr Helmy

In this paper we report on a low energy consumption CMOS-compatible plasmonic modulator based on Franz-Keldysh effect in germanium on silicon. We performed integrated electro-optical simulations in order to optimize the main characteristics…

Substantial progress on field effect transistors "FETs" consisting of semiconducting single wall carbon nanotubes "s-SWNTs" without detectable traces of metallic nanotubes and impurities is reported. Nearly perfect removal of metallic…

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