相关论文: On the spatial distribution of thermal energy in e…

We prove approach to thermal equilibrium for the fully Hamiltonian dynamics of a dynamical Lorentz gas, by which we mean an ensemble of particles moving through a $d$-dimensional array of fixed soft scatterers that each possess an internal…

The problem of mutual equilibration between two finite, identical quantum systems, A and B, prepared initially at different temperatures is elucidated. We show that the process of energy exchange between the two systems leads to accurate…

We study the energy distribution in the extended resonant level model at equilibrium. Previous investigations [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 89}, 161306 (2014), Phys. Rev. B {\bf 93}, 115318 (2016)] have found, for a resonant electronic level…

At low temperatures the configurational phase space of a macroscopic complex system (e.g., a spin-glass) of $N\sim 10^{23}$ interacting particles may split into an exponential number $\Omega_s \sim \exp({\rm const} \times N)$ of ergodic…

The equipartition theorem is a fundamental law of classical statistical physics, which states that every degree of freedom contributes $k_{B}T/2$ to the energy, where $T$ is the temperature and $k_{B}$ is the Boltzmann constant. Recent…

One of the fundamental laws of classical statistical physics is the energy equipartition theorem which states that for each degree of freedom the mean kinetic energy $E_k$ equals $E_k=k_B T/2$, where $k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant and $T$…

Using the recently derived Dissipation Theorem and a corollary of the Transient Fluctuation Theorem (TFT), namely the Second Law Inequality, we derive the unique time independent, equilibrium phase space distribution function for an ergodic…

The laws of thermodynamics provide a clear concept of the temperature for an equilibrium system in the continuum limit. Meanwhile, the equipartition theorem allows one to make a connection between the ensemble average of the kinetic energy…

In classical physics there is a well-known theorem in which it is established that the energy per degree of freedom is the same. However, in quantum mechanics due to the non-commutativity of some pairs of observables and the possibility of…

We use a combination of perturbation theory and numerical techniques to study the equilibration of two interacting fields which are initially at thermal equilibrium at different temperatures. Using standard rules of quantum field theory, we…

A process of energy transfer is demonstrated in non-equilibrium charged particle beams with anisotropy and space charge. Equipartitioning of energy between available degrees of freedom occurs in just a few betatron wavelengths, without halo…

Traditionally, it is understood that fluctuations in the equilibrium distribution are not evident in thermodynamic systems of large $N$ (the number of particles in the system) \cite{Huang1}. In this paper we examine the validity of this…

It is shown that the partial temperatures of a homogeneous multicomponent gas mixture in the thermodynamical equilibrium cannot be equal to each other. New general solutions for equilibrium distribution functions of the multicomponent…

In this paper we develop a generalized formalism for equilibrium thermodynamic systems when an information is shared between the system and the reservoir. The information results in a correction to the entropy of the system. This extension…

In this article we want to demonstrate that the time-scale constraints for a thermodynamic system imply the new concept of {\it equipartition of energy bound} (EEB) or, more generally, a thermodynamical bound for the {\it partition} of…

Statistical physics in equilibrium grants us one of its most powerful tools: the equipartition principle. It states that the degrees of freedom of a mechanical system act as a thermometer: temperature is equal to the mean variance of their…

We consider the thermal equilibrium distribution at inverse temperature $\beta$, or canonical ensemble, of the wave function $\Psi$ of a quantum system. Since $L^2$ spaces contain more nondifferentiable than differentiable functions, and…

When the energy content of a resonant mode of a crystalline solid in thermodynamic equilibrium is directly measured, assuming that quantum effects can be neglected it coincides with temperature except for a proportionality factor. This is…

We explore on the one hand, whether the well-known theorem of equipartition of energy also applies to physical systems in which gravity plays a non-negligible role, as is the case of cosmological horizons and, on the other hand, if the…

The Heat theorem reveals the second law of equilibrium Thermodynamics (i.e.existence of Entropy) as a manifestation of a general property of Hamiltonian Mechanics and of the Ergodic Hypothesis, valid for 1 as well as $10^{23}$ degrees of…