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An analytical method for getting new complex Hadamard matrices by using mutually unbiased bases and a nonlinear doubling formula is provided. The method is illustrated with the n=4 case that leads to a rich family of eight-dimensional…

数学物理 · 物理学 2010-11-02 Petre Dita

All complex Hadamard matrices in dimensions two to five are known. We use this fact to derive all inequivalent sets of mutually unbiased (MU) bases in low dimensions. We find a three-parameter family of triples of MU bases in dimension four…

数学物理 · 物理学 2010-08-09 Stephen Brierley , Stefan Weigert , Ingemar Bengtsson

We introduce mutually unbiased complex Hadamard (MUCH) matrices and show that the number of MUCH matrices of order 2n, n odd, is at most 2 and the bound is attained for n = 1,5,9. Furthermore, we prove that certain pairs of mutually…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-09-20 Darcy Best , Hadi Kharaghani

We define Bush-type generalized Hadamard matrices over abelian groups and construct symmetric Bush-type generalized Hadamard matrices over the additive group of finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$, $q$ a prime power. We then show and study an…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-09-18 Hadi Kharaghani , Sho Suda

We prove the following two results relating real mutually unbiased bases and representations of finite groups of odd order. Let $q$ be a power of 2 and $r$ a positive integer. Then we can find a $q^{2r}\times q^{2r}$ real orthogonal matrix…

群论 · 数学 2017-11-30 Rod Gow

Constructing four six-dimensional mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) is an open problem in quantum physics and measurement. We investigate the existence of four MUBs including the identity, and a complex Hadamard matrix (CHM) of Schmidt rank…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-03-17 Mengyao Hu , Yize Sun , Lin Chen

Using reversible Hadamard difference sets, we construct symmetric Bush-type Hadamard matrices of order $4m^4$ for all odd integer $m$.

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Mikhail Muzychuk , Qing Xiang

We consider nonsymmetric hermitian complex Hadamard matrices belonging to the Bose-Mesner algebra of commutative nonsymmetric association schemes. First, we give a characterization of the eigenmatrix of a commutative nonsymmetric…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-12-19 Takuya Ikuta , Akihiro Munemasa

Finding four six-dimensional mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) containing the identity matrix is a long-standing open problem in quantum information. We show that if they exist, then the $H_2$-reducible matrix in the four MUBs has exactly nine…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-10-29 Xiaoyu Chen , Mengfan Liang , Mengyao Hu , Lin Chen

The density matrix of a qudit may be reconstructed with optimal efficiency if the expectation values of a specific set of observables are known. In dimension six, the required observables only exist if it is possible to identify six…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-02-08 Stephen Brierley , Stefan Weigert

We introduce qustochastic matrices as the bistochastic matrices arising from quaternionic unitary matrices by replacing each entry with the square of its norm. This is the quaternionic analogue of the unistochastic matrices studied by…

数学物理 · 物理学 2009-03-18 Oleg Chterental , Dragomir Z. Djokovic

In quantum mechanics, mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) represent orthonormal bases that are as "far apart" as possible, and their classification reveals rich underlying geometric structure. Given a complex inner product space, we construct…

数学物理 · 物理学 2025-08-22 Amit Te'eni , Eliahu Cohen

We present a detailed computational and algebraic study of Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, with a particular focus on dimensions 2, 3, 4, and the challenging case of 6. Starting from the Hadamard-phase…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-03 Jean-Christophe Pain

We study the problem of constructing mutually unbiased bases in dimension six. This approach is based on an efficient numerical method designed to find solutions to the quantum state reconstruction problem in finite dimensions. Our…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-04-24 D. Goyeneche

Inspired by the many applications of mutually unbiased Hadamard matrices, we study mutually unbiased weighing matrices. These matrices are studied for small orders and weights in both the real and complex setting. Our results make use of…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-08-01 Darcy Best , Hadi Kharaghani , Hugh Ramp

We initiate a systematic study of triplets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). We show that in $\mathbb{C}^d$ each MUB-triplet is characterized by a $d\times d\times d$ object that we call a Hadamard cube. We describe the basic properties of…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-22 Máte Matolcsi , Ákos K. Matszangosz , Dániel Varga , Mihály Weiner

We use combinatorial and Fourier analytic arguments to prove various non-existence results on systems of real and complex unbiased Hadamard matrices. In particular, we prove that a complete system of complex mutually unbiased Hadamard…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-01-04 Mate Matolcsi , Imre Z. Ruzsa , Mihaly Weiner

Balancedly splittable Hadamard matrices are introduced and studied. A connection is made to the Hadamard diagonalizable strongly regular graphs, maximal equiangular lines set, and unbiased Hadamard matrices. Several construction methods are…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-10-18 Hadi Kharaghani , Sho Suda

It is known that real Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) do not exist for any dimension $d > 2$ which is not divisible by 4. Thus, the next combinatorial question is how one can construct Approximate Real MUBs (ARMUBs) in this direction with…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Ajeet Kumar , Rakesh Kumar , Subhamoy Maitra , Uddipto Mandal

We report on a search for mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in 6 dimensions. We find only triplets of MUBs, and thus do not come close to the theoretical upper bound 7. However, we point out that the natural habitat for sets of MUBs is the set…

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