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The graph coloring problem (GCP) is one of the most studied NP-HARD problems in computer science. Given a graph , the task is to assign a color to all vertices such that no vertices sharing an edge receive the same color and that the number…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2021-11-19 Robiul Islam , Arup Kumar Pramanik

A clique coloring of a graph is an assignment of colors to its vertices such that no maximal clique is monochromatic. We initiate the study of structural parameterizations of the Clique Coloring problem which asks whether a given graph has…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2020-05-12 Lars Jaffke , Paloma T. Lima , Geevarghese Philip

In the Properly Colored Spanning Tree problem, we are given an edge-colored undirected graph and the goal is to find a spanning tree in which any two adjacent edges have distinct colors. Since finding such a tree is NP-hard in general,…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yuhang Bai , Kristóf Bérczi

In a bounded max-coloring of a vertex/edge weighted graph, each color class is of cardinality at most $b$ and of weight equal to the weight of the heaviest vertex/edge in this class. The bounded max-vertex/edge-coloring problems ask for…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2009-04-13 Evripidis Bampis , Alexander Kononov , Giorgio Lucarelli , Ioannis Milis

The $k$-colouring reconfiguration problem asks whether, for a given graph $G$, two proper $k$-colourings $\alpha$ and $\beta$ of $G$, and a positive integer $\ell$, there exists a sequence of at most $\ell+1$ proper $k$-colourings of $G$…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2014-10-30 Matthew Johnson , Dieter Kratsch , Stefan Kratsch , Viresh Patel , Daniël Paulusma

The Rainbow k-Coloring problem asks whether the edges of a given graph can be colored in $k$ colors so that every pair of vertices is connected by a rainbow path, i.e., a path with all edges of different colors. Our main result states that…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2016-02-19 Łukasz Kowalik , Juho Lauri , Arkadiusz Socała

Given two graphs $H$ and $G$, the Subgraph Isomorphism problem asks if $H$ is isomorphic to a subgraph of $G$. While NP-hard in general, algorithms exist for various parameterized versions of the problem: for example, the problem can be…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2013-08-27 Dániel Marx , Michał Pilipczuk

We study a broad class of graph partitioning problems, where each problem is specified by a graph $G=(V,E)$, and parameters $k$ and $p$. We seek a subset $U\subseteq V$ of size $k$, such that $\alpha_1m_1 + \alpha_2m_2$ is at most (or at…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2014-03-04 Hadas Shachnai , Meirav Zehavi

List colouring is an influential and classic topic in graph theory. We initiate the study of a natural strengthening of this problem, where instead of one list-colouring, we seek many in parallel. Our explorations have uncovered a…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-08-03 Stijn Cambie , Wouter Cames van Batenburg , Ewan Davies , Ross J. Kang

This paper studies the kernelization complexity of graph coloring problems with respect to certain structural parameterizations of the input instances. We are interested in how well polynomial-time data reduction can provably shrink…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2015-03-19 Bart M. P. Jansen , Stefan Kratsch

We study the problem of determining whether a given graph~$G=(V,E)$ admits a matching~$M$ whose removal destroys all odd cycles of~$G$ (or equivalently whether~$G-M$ is bipartite). This problem is equivalent to determine whether~$G$ admits…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2019-06-12 Carlos V. G. C. Lima , Dieter Rautenbach , Uéverton S. Souza , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

In the \textsc{Coloring Reconfiguration} problem, we are given two proper $k$-colorings of a graph and asked to decide whether one can be transformed into the other by repeatedly applying a specified recoloring rule, while maintaining a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Janosch Fuchs , Rin Saito , Tatsuhiro Suga , Takahiro Suzuki , Yuma Tamura

In the Coloured Clustering problem, we wish to colour vertices of an edge coloured graph to produce as many stable edges as possible, i.e., edges with the same colour as their ends. In this paper, we reveal that the problem is in fact a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2018-07-30 Leizhen CAI , On Yin LEUNG

In this paper we consider a variation of a recoloring problem, called the Color-Fixing. Let us have some non-proper $r$-coloring $\varphi$ of a graph $G$. We investigate the problem of finding a proper $r$-coloring of $G$, which is "the…

We present a deterministic distributed algorithm that computes a $(2\Delta-1)$-edge-coloring, or even list-edge-coloring, in any $n$-node graph with maximum degree $\Delta$, in $O(\log^7 \Delta \log n)$ rounds. This answers one of the…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2017-04-11 Manuela Fischer , Mohsen Ghaffari , Fabian Kuhn

Given a graph G, a q-open neighborhood conflict-free coloring or q-ONCF-coloring is a vertex coloring $c:V(G) \rightarrow \{1,2,\ldots,q\}$ such that for each vertex $v \in V(G)$ there is a vertex in $N(v)$ that is uniquely colored from the…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2019-05-02 Hans L. Bodlaender , Sudeshna Kolay , Astrid Pieterse

Given a multigraph $G=(V,E)$, the {\em edge-coloring problem} (ECP) is to color the edges of $G$ with the minimum number of colors so that no two adjacent edges have the same color. This problem can be naturally formulated as an integer…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-09 Guantao Chen , Guangming Jing , Wenan Zang

A $b$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring of its vertices such that each color class contains a vertex that has at least one neighbor in all the other color classes. The b-Coloring problem asks whether a graph $G$ has a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2019-02-12 Lars Jaffke , Paloma T. Lima

A linearly ordered (LO) $k$-colouring of a hypergraph assigns to each vertex a colour from the set $\{0,1,\ldots,k-1\}$ in such a way that each hyperedge has a unique maximum element. Barto, Batistelli, and Berg conjectured that it is…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-03 Johan Håstad , Björn Martinsson , Tamio-Vesa Nakajima , Stanislav Živný

In the $\ell$-Coloring Problem, we are given a graph on $n$ nodes, and tasked with determining if its vertices can be properly colored using $\ell$ colors. In this paper we study below-guarantee graph coloring, which tests whether an…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Shyan Akmal , Tomohiro Koana