相关论文: Simply conceiving the Arrhenius law and absolute k…

Different rate theories yielded similar forms of rates constants consistent with the phenomenological Arrhenius law, although they were derived from various branches of physics including classical thermodynamics, statistical and quantum…

For some centuries, first order chemical rate constants were determined mainly by a linear logarithmic plot of reagent concentration terms against time where the initial concentration was required, which is experimentally often a…

More than a century has passed since van't Hoff and Arrhenius formulated their celebrated rate theories, but there are still elusive aspects in the temperature-dependent phase transition kinetics of molecular systems. Here I present a…

The rates of chemical reactions are not absolute but their magnitude depends upon the relative speeds of the moving observers. This has been proved by unifying theories of chemical kinetics, which are transition state theory, collision…

Using the formalism of the classical nucleation theory, we derive a novel kinetic equation for the size and composition distribution of an ensemble of aqueous organic aerosols, evolving via nucleation and concomitant chemical aging. This…

Biochemical processes typically involve huge numbers of individual reversible steps, each with its own dynamical rate constants. For example, kinetic proofreading processes rely upon numerous sequential reactions in order to guarantee the…

An open question of whether phenomenological fluid equations to be used for direct numerical simulation of turbulence are warranted on `first principles' is addressed, and the problem is posed using Klimontovich microscopic density to…

One of the basic concepts of modern physics with a long prehistory is a fluid, which means a substance that flows under an applied shear stress. In this sense fluids form a wide subset of the phases of matter that includes liquids, dense…

By combining methods of kinetic and density functional theory, we present a description of molecular fluids which accounts for their microscopic structure and thermodynamic properties as well as for the hydrodynamic behavior. We focus on…

The nature of a physical law is examined, and it is suggested that there may not be any fundamental dynamical laws. This explains the intrinsic indeterminism of quantum theory. The probabilities for transition from a given initial state to…

The observed general time-asymmetric behavior of macroscopic systems -- embodied in the second law of thermodynamics -- arises naturally from time-symmetric microscopic laws due to the great disparity between macro and micro-scales. More…

I give a highly selective overview of the way statistical mechanics explains the microscopic origins of the time asymmetric evolution of macroscopic systems towards equilibrium and of first order phase transitions in equilibrium. These…

It is possible to completely explain all aspects of quantum mechanics by expressing the relations between physical properties in terms of complex conditional probabilities (Phys. Rev. A 89, 042115(2014)). These fully deterministic…

Light nuclei at room temperature and below exhibit a kinetic energy which significantly deviates from the predictions of classical statistical mechanics. This quantum kinetic energy is responsible for a wide variety of isotope effects of…

A new kinetic theory Boltzmann-like collision term including correlations is proposed. In equilibrium it yields the one-particle distribution function in the form of a generalised-Lorentzian resembling but not being identical with the…

We introduce and analyze a linear kinetic model that describes the evolution of the probability density of the number of firms in a society, in which the microscopic rate of change obeys to the so-called law of proportional effect proposed…

The exponential factor of Arrhenius satisfactorily quantifies the energetic restriction of chemical reactions but is still awaiting a rigorous basis. Assuming that the Arrhenius equation should be based on statistical mechanics and is…

We propose a unifying theoretical framework for the analysis of first-passage time distributions in two important classes of stochastic processes in which the diffusivity of a particle evolves randomly in time. In the first class of…

We develop a theoretical framework for the diffusion of a single unconstrained species of atoms on a crystal lattice that provides a generalization of the classical theories of atomic diffusion and diffusion-induced phase separation to…

Under sufficient permanent random covalent bonding, a fluid of atoms or small molecules is transformed into an amorphous solid network. Being amorphous, local structural properties in such networks vary across the sample. A natural order…