相关论文: Saha Equation Normalized to Total Atomic Number De…

We present a new exact method to numerically compute the thermodynamical properties of an interacting Bose gas in the canonical ensemble. As in our previous paper (Phys. Rev. A, 63 023606 (2001)), we write the density operator $\rho$ as an…

Yin and Radzihovsky [1] recently developed a self-consistent extension of a Bogoliubov theory, in which the condensate number density $n_c$ is treated as a mean field that changes with time, in order to analyze a JILA experiment by Makotyn…

We consider a partially ionized gas at thermal equilibrium, in the Saha regime. The system is described in terms of a quantum plasma of nuclei and electrons. In this framework, the Coulomb interaction is the source of a large variety of…

The time-dependent Dirac equation can be solved exactly for ionization induced by ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. Ionization calculations are carried out in such a framework for a number of representative ion-ion pairs. For each…

Standard quantization using, for example, path integration of field theory models, includes paths of momentum and field reach infinity in the Hamiltonian density, while the Hamiltonian itself remains finite. That fact causes considerable…

Current-density-functional theory is used to calculate ionization energies of current-carrying atomic states. A perturbative approximation to full current-density-functional theory is implemented for the first time, and found to be…

We consider a relativistic strongly interacting Bose gas. The interaction is manifested in the off-shellness of the equilibrium distribution. The equation of state that we obtain for such a gas has the properties of a realistic equation of…

The recently introduced reconciliation of the theories of special relativity and wave mechanics implies that the mass-energy equivalence principle must be expressed mathematically as H = mv^2, where H is the total energy of a particle, m is…

We present in this paper new and updated calculations of the ionization equilibrium for all the elements from H to Ni. We collected for these elements all the data available in the literature for the ionization and radiative plus…

The asymptotic form of the energy density for a gas of particles surrounding a sphere of mass $M$ and radius $R$ is studied using Einstein's equations. It is shown that if the pressure of the gas $p$ varies linearly with the energy density…

We introduce a new approach to density functional theory based on kinetic theory, showing that the Kohn-Sham equations can be derived as a macroscopic limit of a suitable Boltzmann kinetic equation in the limit of small mean free path…

The density of states for a finite or an infinite cluster of scatterers in the case of both electrons and photons can be represented in a general form as the sum over all Krein-Friedel contributions of individual scatterers and a…

The longitudinal charge density of an electron beam in its equilibrium state is given by the solution of the Ha\"issinski equation, which provides a stationary solution of the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation. The physical input is the…

The orientation of a polarization vector on the Poincare sphere is defined by its position angle (PA) and ellipticity angle (EA). The radio emission from pulsars, magnetars, and fast radio bursts can be elliptically polarized, and…

We address the question of whether atomic bound states begin to stabilize in the short ultra-intense field limit. We provide a general theory of ionization probability and investigate its gauge invariance. For a wide range of potentials we…

A basic quantity in the characterization of relativistic particles is the proton-to-electron (p/e) energy density ratio. We derive a simple approximate expression suitable to estimate this quantity, U_p/U_e = (m_p/m_e)^(3-q)/2, valid when a…

A statistical-type model is developed to describe the ion production and electron emission in collisions of (molecular) ions with atoms. The model is based on the Boltzmann population of the bound electronic energy levels of the quasi…

In this paper, we present an exactly solvable phase transition model in which the phase transition is purely statistically derived. The phase transition in this model is a generalized Bose-Einstein condensation. The exact expression of the…

Discovery of material properties at extremes, which are essential for high energy density physics development, requires the most advanced experimental facilities, theories, and computations. Nowadays it is possible to model properties of…

Astrophysical shocks are often collisionless shocks. An open question about collisionless shocks is whether electrons and ions each establish their own post-shock temperature, or whether they quickly equilibrate in the shock region. Here we…