相关论文: P-values, q-values and posterior probabilities for…
Use of next-generation sequencing technologies to transcriptomics (RNA-seq) for gene expression profiling has found widespread application in studying different biological conditions including cancers. However, RNA-seq experiments are still…
Reproducibility in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is crucial for ensuring reliable genomic research outcomes. However, limited access to original genomic datasets (mainly due to privacy concerns) prevents researchers from…
In traditional hypothesis testing one must pre-specify the significance level $\alpha$ to bound the `size' of the test: its probability to falsely reject the hypothesis. Indeed, a data-dependent selection of $\alpha$ would generally distort…
Testing equivalence was originally defined by De Nicola and Hennessy in a process algebraic setting (CCS) with the aim of defining an equivalence relation between processes being less discriminating than bisimulation and with a natural…
Adjustment of statistical significance levels for repeated analysis in group sequential trials has been understood for some time. Similarly, methods for adjustment accounting for testing multiple hypotheses are common. There is limited…
Conformal prediction is a powerful framework for distribution-free uncertainty quantification. The standard approach to conformal prediction relies on comparing the ranks of prediction scores: under exchangeability, the rank of a future…
Motivation: Combining the results of different experiments to exhibit complex patterns or to improve statistical power is a typical aim of data integration. The starting point of the statistical analysis often comes as sets of p-values…
Two procedures for checking Bayesian models are compared using a simple test problem based on the local Hubble expansion. Over four orders of magnitude, p-values derived from a global goodness-of-fit criterion for posterior probability…
When presenting forensic evidence, such as a DNA match, experts often use the Likelihood ratio (LR) to explain the impact of evidence . The LR measures the probative value of the evidence with respect to a single hypothesis such as 'DNA…
The log-normal distribution is one of the most common distributions used for modeling skewed and positive data. It frequently arises in many disciplines of science, specially in the biological and medical sciences. The statistical analysis…
Estimating the effective sample size (ESS) of a prior distribution is an age-old yet pivotal challenge, with great implications for clinical trials and various biomedical applications. Although numerous endeavors have been dedicated to this…
Several scientific fields including psychology are undergoing a replication crisis. There are many reasons for this problem, one of which is a misuse of p-values. There are several alternatives to p-values, and in this paper we describe a…
In a recent opinion article, Muff et al. recapitulate well-known objections to the Neyman-Pearson Null-Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) framework and call for reforming our practices in statistical reporting. We agree with them on…
Testing the equality of the covariance matrices of two high-dimensional samples is a fundamental inference problem in statistics. Several tests have been proposed but they are either too liberal or too conservative when the required…
We investigate the statistical task of closeness (or equivalence) testing for multidimensional distributions. Specifically, given sample access to two unknown distributions $\mathbf p, \mathbf q$ on $\mathbb R^d$, we want to distinguish…
Diagnostic testing provides a unique setting for studying and developing tools in classification theory. In such contexts, the concept of prevalence, i.e. the number of individuals with a given condition, is fundamental, both as an inherent…
Generalizations to the permutation test are introduced to allow for situations in which the null model is not exchangeable. It is shown that the generalized permutation tests are exact, and a partial converse: that any test function that is…
In recent research on non-monotonic logic programming, repeatedly strong equivalence of logic programs P and Q has been considered, which holds if the programs P union R and Q union R have the same answer sets for any other program R. This…
In several large-scale replication projects, statistically non-significant results in both the original and the replication study have been interpreted as a "replication success". Here we discuss the logical problems with this approach:…
Testing the (in)equality of variances is an important problem in many statistical applications. We develop default Bayes factor tests to assess the (in)equality of two or more population variances, as well as a test for whether the…