相关论文: A note on the implications of gauge invariance in …
A simple general proof of gauge invariance in QED is given in the framework of causal perturbation theory. It illustrates a method which can also be used in non-abelian gauge theories.
The consistent construction of scattering amplitudes for processes with off-shell initial partons and involving electro-weak interactions is addressed.
The regularities at large distances of complete gauge invariance in QCD are shown to bear nontrivial consequences for the selection among inequivalent representations of canonical commutation (anticommutation) rules for gauge boson (quark)…
By analytically continuing QCD scattering amplitudes through specific complexified momenta, one can study and learn about the nature and the consequences of factorization and unitarity. In some cases, when coupled with the largest time…
Gauge freedom in quantum electrodynamics (QED) outside of textbook regimes is reviewed. It is emphasized that QED subsystems are defined relative to a choice of gauge. Each definition uses different gauge-invariant observables. This…
In this paper the general form of scattering amplitudes for massless particles with equal spins s ($s s \to s s$) or unequal spins ($s_a s_b \to s_a s_b$) are derived. The imposed conditions are that the amplitudes should have the lowest…
This talk reports on work aimed at improving our understanding of charged states in gauge theories.Emphasis is placed on different ways of implementingthe gauge invariance of physical states. QED perturbative calculations are used to stress…
The gauge-invariance properties and singularity elimination of the modified perturbation theory for QCD introduced in previous works, are investigated. The construction of the modified free propagators is generalized to include the…
We review techniques for more efficient computation of perturbative scattering amplitudes in gauge theory, in particular tree and one-loop multi-parton amplitudes in QCD. We emphasize the advantages of (1) using color and helicity…
Gravitational Compton scattering process with a massive fermion is studied in the context of the linearized gravity. Gravitational gauge invariance and graviton transversality cause the transition amplitude to be factorized into that of…
Gauge invariance and soft limits can be enough to determine the analytic structure of scattering amplitudes in certain theories. This prompts the question of how gauge invariance is connected to analytic structure in more general theories.…
We study almost-forward scattering in the context of usual and non-commutative QED. We study the semi-classical behaviour of particles undergoing this scattering process in the two theories, and show that the shock wave picture, effective…
It is shown how gauge invariance is obtained for the coupling of a photon to a two-body state described by the solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation. This is illustrated both for a complex scalar field theory and for interaction kernels…
We obtain a simple relation between massless and massive scattering amplitudes in gauge theories in the limit where all kinematic invariants are large compared to particle masses. We use this relation to derive the two-loop QED corrections…
In recent studies on ultrastrong coupling between matter and light in cavities, the significance of gauge choice when employing the widely-used two-level approximation has been highlighted. Expanding upon these investigations, we extend the…
The nature of confinement is connected with color charge. Unfortunately, the color charge densities in QCD, the Noether charge densities associated with the global color invariance, are not invariant under local color rotations. This…
We discuss QCD condensate contributions to the gluon propagator both in the fixed-point gauge and in covariant gauges for the external QCD vacuum gluon fields with the conclusion that a covariant gauge is essential to obtain a gauge…
The proof of gauge invariance of the quantum electrodynamics of photons and electrons does not apply directly to the quantum electrodynamics of photons, electrons, and nuclei because multi-electron atoms belong to the space of asymptotic…
We consider perturbative quantum field theory in the causal framework. Gauge invariance is, in this framework, an identity involving chronological products of the interaction Lagrangian; it express the fact that the scattering matrix must…
In this paper we reconcile two contradictory statements about deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in manifestly covariant theories: (i) the scattering must be gauge invariant, even in the deep inelastic limit, and (ii) the pole term (which is…