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X-ray radiography is the most readily available imaging modality and has a broad range of applications that spans from diagnosis to intra-operative guidance in cardiac, orthopedics, and trauma procedures. Proper interpretation of the hidden…
The emergence of high repetition-rate X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) powered by superconducting accelerator technology enables the measurement of significantly more experimental data per day than was previously possible. The European…
Single biomolecular imaging using XFEL radiation is an emerging method for protein structure determination using the "diffraction before destruction" method at near atomic resolution. Crucial parameters for such bio-imaging experiments are…
Protein structure determination has long been one of the primary challenges of structural biology, to which deep machine learning (ML)-based approaches have increasingly been applied. However, these ML models generally do not incorporate…
Cryo-electron microscopy (EM) single particle reconstruction is an entirely general technique for 3D structure determination of macromolecular complexes. However, because the images are taken at low electron dose, it is extremely hard to…
Single particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an imaging technique capable of recovering the high-resolution 3-D structure of biological macromolecules from many noisy and randomly oriented projection images. One notable…
Super-resolution imaging techniques have largely improved our capabilities to visualize nanometric structures in biological systems. Their application further enables one to potentially quantitate relevant parameters to determine the…
Quantitative phase analysis is one of the major applications of X-ray powder diffraction. The essential principle of quantitative phase analysis is that the diffraction intensity of a component phase in a mixture is proportional to its…
Virtual histology is an emerging field in biomedicine that enables three-dimensional tissue visualization using X-ray micro-computed tomography. However, the method still lacks the specificity of conventional histology, in which parts of…
There are many instances when the structure of a weakly-scattering spinning object in flight must be determined to high resolution. Examples range from comets to nanoparticles and single molecules. The latter two instances are the subject…
A Monte Carlo program based on a three dimensional vector approach was developed to model multiple refractive scattering of X-ray photons in objects with a fine structure. A particular interest was paid to the investigation of lung tissue.…
X-ray imaging is a rapid and cost-effective tool for visualizing internal human anatomy. While multi-view X-ray imaging provides complementary information that enhances diagnosis, intervention, and education, acquiring images from multiple…
We solve the orientation recovery of a tumbling protein in the gas phase from single-event measurements of the spatial positions of its ions after an X-ray laser induced explosion. We simulate diffracted X-ray signal and ion dynamics under…
Generative models trained on public databases of protein structures, most of which have been determined by X-ray crystallography, now provide powerful priors for structure prediction. However, they are not readily conditioned on the…
We introduce a rapid data acquisition and reconstruction method to image the crystalline structure of materials and associated strain and orientations at micrometer resolution using Laue diffraction. Our method relies on scanning a…
Pure and homogeneous biological macromolecules (i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, protein-protein or protein-nucleic acid complexes, and functional assemblies such as ribosomes and viruses) are the key for consistent and reliable biochemical…
Recently, deep convolutional neural networks have shown good results for image recognition. In this paper, we use convolutional neural networks with a finder module, which discovers the important region for recognition and extracts that…
A coherent x-ray diffraction experiment was performed on an isolated colloidal crystal grain at the coherence beamline P10 at PETRA III. Using azimuthal rotation scans the three-dimensional (3D) scattered intensity in reciprocal space from…
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen, giving rise to antimicrobial resistance in cell strains such as Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Here we report an image analysis framework for automated detection and image…
Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is widely used for the structural characterization of thin films, particularly for analyzing phase composition and the orientation distribution of crystallites. While various tools exist for…