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The blazar 3C 454.3 was revealed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope to be in an exceptionally high flux state in July 2008. Accordingly, we performed a multi-wavelength monitoring campaign on this blazar using IR and optical…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 E. W. Bonning , C. Bailyn , C. M. Urry , M. Buxton , G. Fossati , L. Maraschi , P. Coppi , R. Scalzo , J. Isler , A. Kaptur

Time variability of the photon flux is a known feature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and in particular of blazars. The high frequency peaked BL Lac (HBL) object PKS 2155-304 is one of the brightest sources in the TeV band and has been…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-14 Jill Chevalier , Max Anton Kastendieck , Frank Rieger , Gilles Maurin , Jean-Philippe Lenain , Giovanni Lamanna

We summarize broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar 1ES 1959+650, including optical R-band observations by the robotic telescopes Super-LOTIS and iTelescope, UV observations by Swift UVOT, X-ray observations by the Swift X-ray…

We report the detection of a new TeV gamma-ray source, VER J0521+211, based on observations made with the VERITAS imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array. These observations were motivated by the discovery of a cluster of >30GeV…

Since its commissioning in fall 1996, the stereoscopic system of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACTs) of HEGRA with an energy threshold of 500 GeV, an angular resolution of 0.1 degree and an energy resolution of 20% per…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 F. A. Aharonian

In 2008, the blazar Mrk421 entered in a very active phase and was one of the brightest sources in the sky at TeV energies, showing strong and frequent flaring. We searched for gamma-ray emission at energies E > 0.8 TeV during the whole 2008…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2009-07-16 G. Di Sciascio

In this paper, we present results of TeV $\gamma$--ray observations of the high synchrotron peaked BL Lac object 1ES 1218+304 (z=0.182) with the $TACTIC$ (TeV Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope with Imaging Camera). The observations are…

Using the cross-spectral method, we confirm the existence of the X-ray hard lags discovered with cross-correlation function technique during a large flare of Mrk 421 observed with BeppoSAX . For the 0.1--2 versus 2--10keV light curves, both…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Y. H. Zhang

We report the results obtained for the AGN Markarian 421 by model-fitting the data in the visibility plane, studing the proper motion of jet components, the light curve, and the spectral index of the jet features. We compare the radio data…

We present 10 years of R-band monitoring data of 31 northern blazars which were either detected at very high energy (VHE) gamma rays or listed as potential VHE gamma-ray emitters. The data comprise 11820 photometric data points in the…

We present the results of a detailed temporal analysis of the bright BL Lac object Mrk 421 using the three available long timing mode observations by the EPIC PN camera. This detector mode is characterized by its long life time and is…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 W. Brinkmann , I. E. Papadakis , C. Raeth , P. Mimica , F. Haberl

Context: In April 2013, the nearby (z=0.031) TeV blazar, Mkn 421, showed one of the largest flares in X-rays since the past decade. Aim: To study all multiwavelength data available during MJD 56392 to 56403, with special emphasis on X-ray…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-12 Atreyee Sinha , Amit Shukla , Ranjeev Misra , Varsha R. Chitnis , A. R. Rao , B. S. Acharya

Blazars are known for their variability on a wide range of timescales at all wavelengths. Most studies of TeV gamma-ray blazars focus on short timescales, especially during flares. With a decade of observations from the Fermi-LAT and…

We performed a 4.5-month multi-instrument campaign (from radio to VHE gamma rays) on Mrk421 between January 2009 and June 2009, which included VLBA, F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, Swift, RXTE, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, and Whipple, among other instruments and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-08-07 MAGIC Collaboration , J. Aleksić , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , P. Antoranz , A. Babic , P. Bangale , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , K. Berger , E. Bernardini , A. Biland , O. Blanch , R. K. Bock , S. Bonnefoy , G. Bonnoli , F. Borracci , T. Bretz , E. Carmona , A. Carosi , D. Carreto Fidalgo , P. Colin , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , G. De Caneva , B. De Lotto , C. Delgado Mendez , M. Doert , A. Domínguez , D. Dominis Prester , D. Dorner , M. Doro , S. Einecke , D. Eisenacher , D. Elsaesser , E. Farina , D. Ferenc , M. V. Fonseca , L. Font , K. Frantzen , C. Fruck , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , D. Garrido Terrats , M. Gaug , G. Giavitto , N. Godinović , A. González Mu\ noz , S. R. Gozzini , A. Hadamek , D. Hadasch , A. Herrero , D. Hildebrand , J. Hose , D. Hrupec , W. Idec , V. Kadenius , H. Kellermann , M. L. Knoetig , J. Krause , J. Kushida , A. La Barbera , D. Lelas , N. Lewandowska , E. Lindfors , F. Longo , S. Lombardi , M. López , R. López-Coto , A. López-Oramas , E. Lorenz , I. Lozano , M. Makariev , K. Mallot , G. Maneva , N. Mankuzhiyil , K. Mannheim , L. Maraschi , B. Marcote , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , D. Mazin , U. Menzel , M. Meucci , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , A. Moralejo , P. Munar-Adrover , D. Nakajima , A. Niedzwiecki , K. Nilsson , N. Nowak , R. Orito , A. Overkemping , S. Paiano , M. Palatiello , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , X. Paredes-Fortuny , S. Partini , M. Persic , F. Prada , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , S. Preziuso , I. Puljak , R. Reinthal , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , J. Rodriguez Garcia , S. Rügamer , A. Saggion , K. Saito , M. Salvati , K. Satalecka , V. Scalzotto , V. Scapin , C. Schultz , T. Schweizer , S. N. Shore , A. Sillanpää , J. Sitarek , I. Snidaric , D. Sobczynska , F. Spanier , V. Stamatescu , A. Stamerra , T. Steinbring , J. Storz , S. Sun , T. Surić , L. Takalo , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , T. Terzić , D. Tescaro , M. Teshima , J. Thaele , O. Tibolla , D. F. Torres , T. Toyama , A. Treves , M. Uellenbeck , P. Vogler , R. M. Wagner , F. Zandanel , R. Zanin , VERITAS collaboration , : , S. Archambault , B. Behera , M. Beilicke , W. Benbow , R. Bird , J. H. Buckley , V. Bugaev , M. Cerruti , X. Chen , L. Ciupik , E. Collins-Hughes , W. Cui , J. Dumm , J. D. Eisch , A. Falcone , S. Federici , Q. Feng , J. P. Finley , H. Fleischhack , P. Fortin , L. Fortson , A. Furniss , S. Griffin , S. T. Griffiths , J. Grube , G. Gyuk , D. Hanna , J. Holder , G. Hughes , T. B. Humensky , C. A. Johnson , P. Kaaret , M. Kertzman , Y. Khassen , D. Kieda , H. Krawczynski , F. Krennrich , S. Kumar , M. J. Lang , G. Maier , S. McArthur , K. Meagher , P. Moriarty , R. Mukherjee , R. A. Ong , A. N. Otte , N. Park , A. Pichel , M. Pohl , A. Popkow , H. Prokoph , J. Quinn , K. Ragan , J. Rajotte , P. T. Reynolds , G. T. Richards , E. Roache , A. C. Rovero , G. H. Sembroski , K. Shahinyan , D. Staszak , I. Telezhinsky , M. Theiling , J. V. Tucci , J. Tyler , A. Varlotta , S. P. Wakely , T. C. Weekes , A. Weinstein , R. Welsing , A. Wilhelm , D. A. Williams , B. Zitzer , External collaborators , : , M. Villata , C. Raiteri , H. D. Aller , M. F. Aller , W. P. Chen , B. Jordan , E. Koptelova , O. M. Kurtanidze , A. Lähteenmäki , B. McBreen , V. M. Larionov , C. S. Lin , M. G. Nikolashvili , E. Angelakis , M. Capalbi , A. Carrami\ nana , L. Carrasco , P. Cassaro , A. Cesarini , L. Fuhrmann , M. Giroletti , T. Hovatta , T. P. Krichbaum , H. A. Krimm , W. Max-Moerbeck , J. W. Moody , G. Maccaferri , Y. Mori , I. Nestoras , A. Orlati , C. Pace , R. Pearson , M. Perri , A. C. S. Readhead , J. L. Richards , A. C. Sadun , T. Sakamoto , J. Tammi , M. Tornikoski , Y. Yatsu , A. Zook

We have assembled the historical variability data of Mrk 421 at radio 15 GHz, X-ray and gamma-ray bands, spanning about 6.3, 10.3 and 7.5 yr, respective- ly. We analyzed the variability by using three methods. The results indicated that…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-06-22 H. Z. Li , Y. G. Jiang , D. F. Guo , X. Chen , T. F. Yi

In April 2013, the TeV blazar Markarian~421 underwent one of its most powerful emission outbursts to date. An extensive multi-instrument campaign featuring MAGIC, VERITAS, and \textit{NuSTAR} provided comprehensive very-high-energy (VHE; $E…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-03-06 MAGIC Collaboration , K. Abe , S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , C. Arcaro , T. T. H. Arnesen , A. Babić , C. Bakshi , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , L. Barrios-Jiménez , I. Batković , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Ž Bošnjak , E. Bronzini , I. Burelli , A. Campoy-Ordaz , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , M. Carretero-Castrillo , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , Y. Chai , A. Cifuentes , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , F. D'Ammando , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , R. de Menezes , J. Delgado , C. Delgado Mendez , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , A. Dinesh , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , L. Eisenberger , D. Elsaesser , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , L. Foffano , L. Font , S. Fröse , Y. Fukazawa , R. J. García López , S. García Soto , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. G. Green , P. Günther , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , L. Heckmann , J. Herrera Llorente , D. Hrupec , D. Israyelyan , J. Jahanvi , I. Jiménez Martínez , J. Jiménez Quiles , J. Jormanainen , S. Kankkunen , T. Kayanoki , J. Konrad , P. M. Kouch , G. Koziol , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , M. Laínez , A. Lamastra , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , L. Lulić , E. Lyard , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , M. Mallamaci , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , S. Marchesi , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , P. Maruševec , S. Menchiari , J. Méndez Gallego , S. Menon , D. Miceli , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero González , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , A. Moralejo , C. Nanci , A. Negro , V. Neustroev , L. Nickel , M. Nievas Rosillo , C. Nigro , L. Nikolić , S. Nozaki , A. Okumura , J. Otero-Santos , S. Paiano , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Peresano , M. Persic , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , F. Podobnik , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , A. Roy , N. Sahakyan , F. G. Saturni , K. Schmitz , F. Schmuckermaier , T. Schweizer , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , A. Simongini , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , D. Sobczynska , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , H. Tajima , R. Takeishi , F. Tavecchio , T. Terzić , M. Teshima , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , J. van Scherpenberg , M. Vazquez Acosta , S. Ventura , G. Verna , I. Viale , A. Vigliano , C. F. Vigorito , E. Visentin , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , R. Walter , F. Wersig , M. Will , T. Yamamoto , P. K. H. Yeung , M. Petropoulou , M. Polkas , A. Mastichiadis

We present an extensive X-ray spectral variability study of the TeV photon-emitting high-energy-peaked BL Lacertae object PG 1553+113, using the data from EPIC-PN camera of XMM-Newton, which observed the source during its operational period…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-05-07 P. U. Devanand , Alok C. Gupta , Paul J. Wiita , V. Jithesh , Archana Gupta

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory surveys the very high energy sky in the 300 GeV to $>100$ TeV energy range. HAWC has detected two blazars above $11\sigma$, Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) and Markarian 501 (Mrk 501).…

We report the first results of timing and spectral studies of \textit{Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR)} observations of six TeV emitting high-frequency peaked blazars: 1ES 0347$-$121, 1ES 0414$+$009, RGB J0710$+$591, 1ES…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-06-06 Ashwani Pandey , Alok C. Gupta , Paul J. Wiita

We present multiwavelength polarization measurements of the luminous blazar Mrk~501 over a 14-month period. The 2--8 keV X-ray polarization was measured with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) with six 100-ks observations…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-07-17 Chien-Ting J. Chen , Ioannis Liodakis , Riccardo Middei , Dawoon E. Kim , Laura Di Gesu , Alessandro Di Marco , Steven R. Ehlert , Manel Errando , Michela Negro , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Alan P. Marscher , Kinwah Wu , Iván Agudo , Juri Poutanen , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Pouya M. Kouch , Elina Lindfors , George A. Borman , Tatiana S. Grishina , Evgenia N. Kopatskaya , Elena G. Larionova , Daria A. Morozova , Sergey S. Savchenko , Ivan S. Troitsky , Yulia V. Troitskaya , Andrey A. Vasilyev , Alexey V. Zhovtan , Francisco José Aceituno , Giacomo Bonnoli , Víctor Casanova , Juan Escudero , Beatriz Agís-González , César Husillos , Jorge Otero Santos , Alfredo Sota , Vilppu Piirola , Ioannis Myserlis , Emmanouil Angelakis , Alexander Kraus , Mark Gurwell , Garrett Keating , Ramprasad Rao , Sincheol Kang , Sang-Sung Lee , Sang-Hyun Kim , Whee Yeon Cheong , Hyeon-Woo Jeong , Chanwoo Song , Andrei V. Berdyugin , Masato Kagitani , Vadim Kravtsov , Anagha P. Nitindala , Takeshi Sakanoi , Ryo Imazawa , Mahito Sasada , Yasushi Fukazawa , Koji S. Kawabata , Makoto Uemura , Tatsuya Nakaoka , Hiroshi Akitaya , Carolina Casadio , Albrecht Sievers , Lucio Angelo Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stefano Bianchi , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccoló Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Niccoló Di Lalla , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Michal Dovčiak , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. Garcia , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Henric Krawczynski , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Herman L. Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Fabio Muleri , C. -Y. Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel Lawrence Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgró , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane