相关论文: Spontaneous entropy decrease and its statistical f…

The essence of the second law of classical thermodynamics is the `entropy principle' which asserts the existence of an additive and extensive entropy function, S, that is defined for all equilibrium states of thermodynamic systems and whose…

Understanding how macroscopic systems exhibit irreversible thermal behavior has been a long-standing challenge, first brought to prominence by Boltzmann. Recent advances have established rigorous conditions for isolated quantum systems to…

The universal bound on specific entropy was originally inferred from black hole thermodynamics. We here show from classical thermodynamics alone that for a system at fixed volume or fixed pressure, the ratio of entropy to nonrelativistic…

We propose a variational formulation for the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of discrete open systems, i.e., discrete systems which can exchange mass and heat with the exterior. Our approach is based on a general variational formulation for…

In this paper we review various information-theoretic characterizations of the approach to equilibrium in biological systems. The replicator equation, evolutionary game theory, Markov processes and chemical reaction networks all describe…

The reasons for introducing the concept of the entrostat in statistical physics are examined. The introduction of the concept of the entrostat has allowed to show the possibility of self-organization in open systems within the understanding…

Systems driven away from thermal equilibrium constantly deliver entropy to their environment. Determining this entropy production requires detailed information about the system's internal states and dynamics. However, in most practical…

We consider an isolated gaseous system, divided in two parts by an adiabatic movable frictionless internal wall undergoing Brownian motion. We show how this kind of motion can lead to a substantial decrease of the system entropy. This…

Typically, the entropy of an isolated system in equilibrium is calculated by counting the number of accessible microstates, or in more general cases by using the Gibbs formula. In irreversible processes entropy spontaneously increases and…

We extend a generic class of systems which have previously been shown to spontaneously develop scaling (power law) distributions of their elementary degrees of freedom. While the previous systems were linear and exploded exponentially for…

Entanglement and entropy are key concepts standing at the foundations of quantum and statistical mechanics, respectively. In the last decade the study of quantum quenches revealed that these two concepts are intricately intertwined.…

We consider a chaotic many-body system (i.e., one that satisfies the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis) that is split into two subsystems, with an interaction along their mutual boundary, and study the entanglement properties of an…

We present some novel thermodynamic ideas based on the Maupertuis principle. By considering Hamiltonians written in terms of appropriate action-angle variables we show that thermal states can be characterized by the action variables and by…

It is known that the equilibrium properties of open classical systems that are strongly coupled to a heat bath are described by a set of thermodynamic potentials related to the system's Hamiltonian of mean force. By adapting this framework…

Entropy always increases monotonically in a closed system but complexity increases at first and then decreases as equilibrium is approached. Commonsense information-related definitions for entropy and complexity demonstrate that complexity…

Within its range of applicability, the Boltzmann equation seems unique in its capacity to accurately describe the transition from almost any initial state to a self-equilibrated thermal state. Using information-theoretic methods to rephrase…

Random non-reciprocal interactions between a large number of conserved densities are shown to enhance the stability of the system towards pattern formation. The enhanced stability is an exact result when the number of species approaches…

We developed a perturbative calculation for entropy dynamics considering a sudden coupling between a system and a bath. The theory we developed can work in general environment without Markovian approximation. A perturbative formula is given…

The work is devoted to study of the following problem: can we use any qualitative criteria for realization of such universal phenomenon as self-organization in open systems? We have defined values of information at fixed points of…

For a quantum state undergoing unitary Schr\"odinger time evolution, the von Neumann entropy is constant. Yet the second law of thermodynamics, and our experience, show that entropy increases with time. Ingarden introduced the quantum…