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We review different descriptions of many--body quantum systems in terms of tensor product states. We introduce several families of such states in terms of known renormalization procedures, and show that they naturally arise in that context.…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2010-06-22 J. I. Cirac , F. Verstraete

We present a matrix product state (MPS) algorithm to approximate ground states of translationally invariant systems with periodic boundary conditions. For a fixed value of the bond dimension D of the MPS, we discuss how to minimize the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-03-21 B. Pirvu , F. Verstraete , G. Vidal

Two matrix product states (MPS) are in the same phase in the presence of symmetries if they can be transformed into one another via symmetric short-depth circuits. We consider how symmetry-preserving measurements with feedforward alter the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-02 David Gunn , Georgios Styliaris , Tristan Kraft , Barbara Kraus

We give a classification of gapped quantum phases of one-dimensional systems in the framework of Matrix Product States (MPS) and their associated parent Hamiltonians, for systems with unique as well as degenerate ground states, and both in…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2011-11-03 Norbert Schuch , David Perez-Garcia , Ignacio Cirac

Generalized symmetries have emerged as a powerful organizing principle for exotic quantum phases. However, their role in open quantum systems, especially for non-invertible cases, remains largely unexplored. We address this by applying a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-09-19 Xiao-Qi Sun

Tensor networks like matrix product states (MPSs) and matrix product operators (MPOs) are powerful tools for representing exponentially large states and operators, with applications in quantum many-body physics, machine learning, numerical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-11 Chris Camaño , Ethan N. Epperly , Joel A. Tropp

Devising schemes for testing the amount of entanglement in quantum systems has played a crucial role in quantum computing and information theory. Here, we study the problem of testing whether an unknown state $|\psi\rangle$ is a matrix…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-01-07 Mehdi Soleimanifar , John Wright

Matrix Product States (MPS) and Operators (MPO) have been proven to be a powerful tool to study quantum many-body systems but are restricted to moderately entangled states as the number of parameters scales exponentially with the…

Matrix product states (MPS) are a standard tensor-network representation for ground states of one-dimensional quantum many-body systems, and they underpin widely used simulation tools such as DMRG. However, while quantum model checking has…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-15 Ming Xu , Yihao Chen , Ji Guan

We introduce a class of variational states to describe quantum many-body systems. This class generalizes matrix product states which underly the density-matrix renormalization group approach by combining them with weighted graph states.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 R. Hübener , C. Kruszynska , L. Hartmann , W. Dür , F. Verstraete , J. Eisert , M. B. Plenio

State-space models (SSMs) are a highly expressive model class for learning patterns in time series data and for system identification. Deterministic versions of SSMs (e.g. LSTMs) proved extremely successful in modeling complex time series…

Matrix Product States (MPS) are used for the simulation of the real-time dynamics induced by an electric quench on the vacuum state of the massive Schwinger model. For small quenches it is found that the obtained oscillatory behavior of…

高能物理 - 格点 · 物理学 2017-12-06 Boye Buyens , Jutho Haegeman , Florian Hebenstreit , Frank Verstraete , Karel Van Acoleyen

Semi-tensor product(STP) or matrix (M-) product of matrices turns the set of matrices with arbitrary dimensions into a monoid $({\cal M},\ltimes)$. A matrix (M-) addition is defined over subsets of a partition of ${\cal M}$, and a matrix…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2018-01-17 Daizhan Cheng , Zequn Liu , Hongsheng Qi

In recent years, a close connection between the description of open quantum systems, the input-output formalism of quantum optics, and continuous matrix product states in quantum field theory has been established. So far, however, this…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-10-14 G. Haack , A. Steffens , J. Eisert , R. Hübener

We describe quantum many--body systems in terms of projected entangled--pair states, which naturally extend matrix product states to two and more dimensions. We present an algorithm to determine correlation functions in an efficient way. We…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2007-05-23 F. Verstraete , J. I. Cirac

Quantum many body physics simulations with Matrix Product States can often be accelerated if the quantum symmetries present in the system are explicitly taken into account. Conventionally, quantum symmetries have to be determined before…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-10-17 Chu Guo , Dario Poletti

Matrix product states are useful representations for a large variety of naturally occurring quantum states. Studying their typical properties is important for understanding universal behavior, including quantum chaos and thermalization, as…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-02 Sebastian Leontica , Andrew G. Green

We propose a way to construct a thermal pure quantum matrix product state (TPQ-MPS) that can simulate finite temperature quantum many-body systems with a minimal numerical cost comparable to the matrix product algorithm for the ground…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2021-06-02 Atsushi Iwaki , Akira Shimizu , Chisa Hotta

We derive an exact formula for a matrix product state (MPS) representation (or a PEPS in higher number of dimensions) of the ground state of translationally invariant bosonic lattice systems in terms of a single one-dimensional Euclidean…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2019-02-20 Romuald A. Janik

Efficient encoding of classical information plays a fundamental role in numerous practical quantum algorithms. However, the preparation of an arbitrary amplitude-encoded state has been proven to be time-consuming, and its deployment on…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-19 Chao Wang , Pengrui Zhou , Xi-Ning Zhuang , Ziwei Cui , Menghan Dou , Zhao-Yun Chen , Guo-Ping Guo