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We say that a graph is intrinsically non-trivial if every spatial embedding of the graph contains a non-trivial spatial subgraph. We prove that an intrinsically non-trivial graph is intrinsically linked, namely every spatial embedding of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-01-20 Ryo Nikkuni

Barnette's Conjecture claims that all cubic, 3-connected, planar, bipartite graphs are Hamiltonian. We give a translation of this conjecture into the matching-theoretic setting. This allows us to relax the requirement of planarity to give…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-08-17 Maximilian Gorsky , Raphael Steiner , Sebastian Wiederrecht

It is well-known that every 3-connected planar graph has a unique planar embedding on the sphere. We study the extension to triangulated 1-planar graphs, T1P graphs for short, which admit an embedding in which each edge is crossed at most…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2023-12-27 Franz J. Brandenburg

To investigate the topological structure of planar polygon decomposition on trapezoids, which is formed by height functions. We use the oriented Reeb graph of the function with a marked vertex. We describe all possible optimal Reeb graphs…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-04-11 Oleksandr Pryshliak , Karolina Haieva

For any chord diagram on a circle there exists a complete graph on sufficiently many vertices such that any generic immersion of it to the plane contains a plane closed curve whose chord diagram contains the given chord diagram as a…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2012-10-30 Marisa Sakamoto , Kouki Taniyama

We discuss the problem of embedding graphs in the plane with restrictions on the vertex mapping. In particular, we introduce a technique for drawing planar graphs with a fixed vertex mapping that bounds the number of times edges bend. An…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2012-06-05 Taylor Gordon

In this paper, we present a constructive and proof-relevant development of graph theory, including the notion of maps, their faces, and maps of graphs embedded in the sphere, in homotopy type theory. This allows us to provide an elementary…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Jonathan Prieto-Cubides , Håkon Robbestad Gylterud

We consider three classes of geodesic embeddings of graphs on Euclidean flat tori: (1) A toroidal graph embedding $\Gamma$ is positive equilibrium if it is possible to place positive weights on the edges, such that the weighted edge vectors…

度量几何 · 数学 2022-02-08 Jeff Erickson , Patrick Lin

We define a special case of tree decompositions for planar graphs that respect a given embedding of the graph. We study the analogous width of the resulting decomposition we call the embedded-width of a plane graph. We show both upper…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2017-03-23 Glencora Borradaile , Jeff Erickson , Hung Le , Robbie Weber

Anchored planar algebras, a generalized notion of Vaughan Jones' planar algebras, have recently seen use in higher category theory, functional analysis, and TQFT applications. These algebras are equipped with a natural 3-dimensional…

范畴论 · 数学 2025-09-03 Brett Hungar

Locally triangular graphs are known to be halved graphs of bipartite rectagraphs, which are connected triangle-free graphs in which every $2$-arc lies in a unique quadrangle. A graph $\Gamma$ is locally rank 3 if there exists $G\leq…

A nonplanar graph G is called almost-planar if for every edge e of G, at least one of G\e and G/e is planar. In 1990, Gubser characterized 3-connected almost-planar graphs in his dissertation. However, his proof is so long that only a small…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-03-09 Guoli Ding , Joshua Fallon , Emily Marshall

Topological drawings are representations of graphs in the plane, where vertices are represented by points, and edges by simple curves connecting the points. A drawing is simple if two edges intersect at most in a single point, either at a…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2022-09-08 Alfredo García , Alexander Pilz , Javier Tejel

It is shown that for any locally knotted edge of a 3-connected graph in $S^3$, there is a ball that contains all of the local knots of that edge and is unique up to an isotopy setwise fixing the graph. This result is applied to the study of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2015-03-17 Erica Flapan , Blake Mellor , Ramin Naimi

We introduce the notion of one-sided mapping cones of positive linear maps between matrix algebras. These are convex cones of maps that are invariant under compositions by completely positive maps from either the left or right side. The…

算子代数 · 数学 2022-11-17 Mark Girard , Seung-Hyeok Kye , Erling Størmer

A well-known theorem of Whitney states that a 3-connected planar graph admits an essentially unique embedding into the 2-sphere. We prove a 3-dimensional analogue: a simply-connected $2$-complex every link graph of which is 3-connected…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-09-10 Agelos Georgakopoulos , Jaehoon Kim

A polyhedron is a graph $G$ which is simple, planar and 3-connected. In this note, we classify the family of strongly involutive self-dual polyhedra. The latter is done by using a well-known result due to Tutte characterizing 3-connected…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-05-11 Javier Bracho , Luis Montejano , Eric Pauli , Jorge Luis Ramirez Alfonsin

Multilayer network analysis has become a vital tool for understanding different relationships and their interactions in a complex system, where each layer in a multilayer network depicts the topological structure of a group of nodes…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2017-09-18 Weiyi Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Sailung Yeung , Toyotaro Suzumura , Lingli Chen

A tanglegram consists of two rooted binary trees and a perfect matching between their leaves, and a planar tanglegram is one that admits a layout with no crossings. We show that the problem of generating planar tanglegrams uniformly at…

A linkage is a finite graph with lengths assigned to each edge. A planar realization is a map to the plane which preserves edge lengths. It can be thought of as a mechanical device formed from stiff rods and rotating joints. We look at the…

代数几何 · 数学 2007-05-23 Henry C. King