种群与进化

Lattice-based random walk models are widely used to study populations of migrating cells with motility bias and proliferation. Crowding is typically represented by volume exclusion, where each lattice site can be occupied by at most one…

Mathematical modeling allows us to better understand myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), a group of blood cancers, emergence and development. We test different mathematical models on an initial cohort to determine the emergence and…

Partial differential equation (PDE) models for infectious diseases, while less common than their ordinary differential equation (ODE) counterparts, have found successful applications for many years. Such models are typically of…

In the context of global warming, tree populations rely on two primary mechanisms of adaptation: phenotypic plasticity, which enables individuals to adjust their behavior in response to environmental stress, and genetic evolution, driven by…

Infectious disease superspreading caused by heterogeneity in contact behavior has been observed to be an important determinant of epidemic dynamics and size in both empirical and theoretical settings. However, it has also been observed that…

Wolbachia, a maternally transmitted endosymbiont, offers a powerful biological control strategy for mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika, and malaria. We develop an integro-difference equation (IDE) model that integrates Wolbachia's…

We suggest a new approach to $\beta$-diversity in ecological systems, based on the energy of the graph sheaf Laplacian associated with the sample data. This scalar quantity is easily computable using methods of linear algebra. We show using…

Long-term evolutionary processes can strongly influence common-pool resource conservation by generating new traits or behaviours that modify the feedback between population strategies and the resource state. Here we develop an…

Tree balance has received considerable attention in recent years, both in phylogenetics and in other areas. Numerous (im)balance indices have been proposed to quantify the (im)balance of rooted trees. A recent comprehensive survey…

Population heterogeneity is a key factor in epidemic dynamics, influencing both transmission and final epidemic size. While heterogeneity is often modelled through age structure, spatial location, or contact patterns, differences in host…

B cells and the antibodies they produce are vital to health and survival, motivating research on the details of the mutational and evolutionary processes in the germinal centers (GC) from which mature B cells arise. It is known that B cells…

Genome variants which re-occur independently across evolutionary lineages are key molecular signatures of adaptation. Inferring the dynamics of such genetic changes from pandemic-scale genomic datasets is now possible, which opens up…

We study the ChorHendySnir2006 evolutionary model, which consists of a rooted phylogenetic tree with three leaves, subject to the Jukes--Cantor (JC69) molecular evolutionary model and molecular clock. We show that the likelihood function…

We consider a SIRD epidemic model for a population composed of two groups of individuals with asymmetric interactions, where the force of infection depends on the active (alive) population in each group, rather than on the total population,…

This article presents a comprehensive study of the continuous McKendrick model, which serves as a foundational framework in population dynamics and epidemiology. The model is formulated through partial differential equations that describe…

Understanding the population dynamics of ecological systems is crucial for predicting shifts in biodiversity and ensuring the protection of these systems. Established models often focus on pairwise species interactions, yet recent studies…

In the wake of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been heightened interest from applied mathematicians in infectious disease modelling. Modelling efforts often focus on predicting whether diseases are likely to be eliminated or, instead,…

Population cycles are important components of many natural systems. Most studied in short-lived and small-bodied species, cycles frequently appear to be driven by density-dependent feedbacks. However, compelling evidence of cycles -- often…

The maintenance of diversity in complex ecological communities despite unpredictable dynamics and competitive exclusion is thought to require continual influx of new species or competitive advantages that accrue as species become rare. We…

Bacteria regulate their motility through a variety of mechanisms, including quorum sensing (QS) and other density-dependent responses mediated by diffusible signals. While nonlinear density-dependent motility is well known in active-matter…