神经元与认知
Codifying memories is one of the fundamental problems of modern Neuroscience. The functional mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain largely unknown. Experimental evidence suggests that some of the memory functions are performed by…
Neural-network models of high-level brain functions such as memory recall and reasoning often rely on the presence of stochasticity. The majority of these models assumes that each neuron in the functional network is equipped with its own…
Due to rapid advances in multielectrode recording technology, the local field potential (LFP) has again become a popular measure of neuronal activity in both basic research and clinical applications. Proper understanding of the LFP requires…
The diversity of neuron models used in contemporary theoretical neuroscience to investigate specific properties of covariances raises the question how these models relate to each other. In particular it is hard to distinguish between…
The co-occurrence of action potentials of pairs of neurons within short time intervals is known since long. Such synchronous events can appear time-locked to the behavior of an animal and also theoretical considerations argue for a…
The first recording of electrical potential from brain activity was reported already in 1875, but still the interpretation of the signal is debated. To take full advantage of the new generation of microelectrodes with hundreds or even…
In his 1952 paper "The chemical basis of morphogenesis", Alan M. Turing presented a model for the formation of skin patterns. While it took several decades, the model has been validated by finding corresponding natural phenomena, e.g. in…
Collaboration frequently yields better results in decision making, learning, and haptic interactions than when these actions are performed individually. However, is collaboration always superior to solo actions, or do its benefits depend on…
Objective: To examine the moderation effects of hormonal factors on the associations between vascular risk factors and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in men and women, separately. Methods: WMH were automatically segmented and…
Neural oscillations are electrical activities of the brain measurable at different frequencies. This paper studies the interaction between the fast and slow processes in the brain. We recorded signals intracranially from the simple Wistar…
Connecting brain and behavior is a longstanding issue in the areas of behavioral science, artificial intelligence, and neurobiology. As is standard among models of artificial and biological neural networks, an analogue of the fully mature…
Acquiring fear responses to predictors of aversive outcomes is crucial for survival. At the same time, it is important to be able to modify such associations when they are maladaptive, for instance in treating anxiety and trauma-related…
How do humans and animals perform trial-and-error learning when the space of possibilities is infinite? In a previous study, we used an interval timing production task and discovered an updating strategy in which the agent adjusted the…
This study aims to identify a set of indicators to estimate cognitive workload using a multimodal sensing approach and machine learning. A set of three cognitive tests were conducted to induce cognitive workload in twelve participants at…
Our current understanding of brain rhythms is based on quantifying their instantaneous or time-averaged characteristics. What remains unexplored, is the actual structure of the waves -- their shapes and patterns over finite timescales. To…
We present first experimental results on the novel BrainScaleS-2 neuromorphic architecture based on an analog neuro-synaptic core and augmented by embedded microprocessors for complex plasticity and experiment control. The high acceleration…
Objective: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a potentially reversible brain dysfunction caused by liver failure. Altered synaptic plasticity is supposed to play a major role in the pathophysiology of HE. Here, we used paired associative…
During sleep, the hippocampus recapitulates neuronal patterns corresponding to behavioral trajectories during previous experiences. This hippocampal replay supports the formation of long-term memories. Yet, whether replay originates within…
Scientists construct connectomes, comprehensive descriptions of neuronal connections across a brain, in order to better understand and model brain function. Interactive visualizations of these pathways would enable exploratory analysis of…
Objective: Distorted loudness perception is one of the main complaints of hearing aid users. Being able to measure loudness perception correctly in the clinic is essential for fitting hearing aids. For this, experiments in the clinic should…