神经元与认知
Animals can learn efficiently from a single experience and change their future behavior in response. However, in other instances, animals learn very slowly, requiring thousands of experiences. Here I survey tasks involving fast and slow…
Measuring emotions is a real challenge for fundamental and applied research, especially in ecological contexts. de Wijk and Noldus propose combining two types of measures-explicit to characterize a specific food, and…
Brain activity differs vastly between sleep, cognitive tasks, and action. Information theory is an appropriate concept to analytically quantify these brain states. Based on neurophysiological recordings, this concept can handle complex data…
In the study of biological networks, one of the major challenges is to understand the relationships between network structure and dynamics. In this paper, we model in vitro cortical neuronal cultures as stochastic dynamical systems and…
Oscillatory systems arise in the different science fields. Complex mathematical formulations with differential equations have been proposed to model the dynamics of these systems. While they have the advantage of having a direct…
Comprehending the interplay between spatial and temporal characteristics of neural dynamics can contribute to our understanding of information processing in the human brain. Graph neural networks (GNNs) provide a new possibility to…
For constructing neuronal network models computational neuroscientists have access to wide-ranging anatomical data that nevertheless tend to cover only a fraction of the parameters to be determined. Finding and interpreting the most…
Visual estimation of heading in the human brain is widely believed to be based on instantaneous optic flow, the velocity of retinal image motion. However, we previously found that humans are unable to use instantaneous optic flow to…
Mathematical modeling is an important tool to study the role of delay in neural systems and to evaluate its effects on the signaling activity of coupled neurons. Models for delayed neurons are often used to represent the dynamics of real…
Meditation practices have been claimed to have a positive effect on the regulation of mood and emotion for quite some time by practitioners, and in recent times there has been a sustained effort to provide a more precise description of the…
The traditional view of neural computation in the cerebral cortex holds that sensory neurons are specialized, i.e., selective for certain dimensions of sensory stimuli. This view was challenged by evidence of contextual interactions between…
Plasticity after stroke is a complex phenomenon initiated by the functional reorganization of the brain, especially in the perilesional tissue. At macroscales, the reestablishment of segregation within the affected hemisphere and…
Diverse cognitive processes set different demands on locally segregated and globally integrated brain activity. However, it remains unclear how resting brains configure their functional organization to balance the demands on network…
Different brain areas, such as the cortex and, more specifically, the prefrontal cortex, show great recurrence in their connections, even in early sensory areas. {Several approaches and methods based on trained networks have been proposed…
Previous simulation studies on human connectomes suggested, that critical dynamics emerge subcrititcally in the so called Griffiths Phases. %This is the consequence of the strong heterogeneity of the graphs. Now we investigate this on the…
How the brain captures the meaning of linguistic stimuli across multiple views is still a critical open question in neuroscience. Consider three different views of the concept apartment: (1) picture (WP) presented with the target word…
Neural mechanisms of touch are typically studied in laboratory settings using robotic or other types of well-controlled devices. Such stimuli are very different from highly complex naturalistic human-to-human touch interactions. The lack of…
Power laws arise in a variety of phenomena ranging from matter undergoing phase transition to the distribution of word frequencies in the English language. Usually, their presence is only apparent when data is abundant, and accurately…
Alterations to structural and functional brain networks have been reported across many neurological conditions. However, the relationship between structure and function -- their coupling -- is relatively unexplored, particularly in the…
Turing inspired a computer metaphor of the mind and brain that has been handy and has spawned decades of empirical investigation, but he did much more and offered behavioral and cognitive sciences another metaphor--that of the cascade. The…