物理与社会
Contact matrices are a commonly adopted data representation, used to develop compartmental models for epidemic spreading, accounting for the contact heterogeneities across age groups. Their estimation, however, is generally time and effort…
In this work, we develop a general method for estimating the Shannon entropy of a bidimensional sequence based on the extrapolation of block entropies. We apply this method to analyse the spatial configurations of cities of different…
Cascade failures in power grids occur when the failure of one component or subsystem causes a chain reaction of failures in other components or subsystems, ultimately leading to a widespread blackout or outage. Controlling cascade failures…
The Brahmaputra mainly flows through three countries China, India, and Bangladesh. It has been a source of conflict for the involved nations due to the intricacies of transboundary water management such as the power play between upper and…
This paper analyzes the presence of bike lanes within the city of Los Angeles and how their presence could offer positive economic benefits to businesses. City wide shutdowns initiated in March of 2020 acted as a demand shock to local…
Flash flooding events, with their intense and sudden nature, present unique challenges for disaster researchers and emergency planners. To quantify the extent to which hotspots of flash flooding share similar social and physical features,…
We study synthetic temporal networks whose evolution is determined by stochastically evolving node variables - synthetic analogues of, e.g., temporal proximity networks of mobile agents. We quantify the long-timescale correlations of these…
Despite significant anecdotal evidence regarding the vulnerability of the U.S. power infrastructure, there is a dearth of longitudinal and nation-level characterization of the spatial and temporal patterns in the frequency and extent of…
We investigate the effects of delayed interactions on the stationary distribution of the noisy voter model. We assume that the delayed interactions occur through the periodic polling mechanism and replace the original instantaneous…
The Sznajd model is one of sociophysics's well-known opinion dynamics models. Based on social validation, it has found application in diverse social systems and remains an intriguing subject of study, particularly in scenarios where…
We present an agent-based model of microscopic wealth exchange in a dynamic network to study the topological features associated with economic inequality. The model evolves through two alternating processes, the conservative exchange of…
Infectious disease modeling is used to forecast epidemics and assess the effectiveness of intervention strategies. Although the core assumption of mass-action models of homogeneously mixed population is often implausible, they are…
Representing social systems as networks, starting from the interactions between individuals, sheds light on the mechanisms governing their dynamics. However, networks encode only pairwise interactions, while most social interactions occur…
The demand for research supporting the development of new policy frameworks for energy saving and conservation has never been more critical. As climate change accelerates and its impacts become increasingly severe, the need for sustainable…
Due to rapid urbanization over the past 20 years, many newly developed areas have lagged in socio-economic maturity, creating an imbalance with older cities and leading to the rise of "ghost cities." However, due to the complexity of…
Production networks constitute the backbone of every economic system. They are inherently fragile as several recent crises clearly highlighted. Estimating the system-wide consequences of local disruptions (systemic risk) requires detailed…
The patterns of human mobility play a key role in the spreading of infectious diseases and thus represent a key ingredient of epidemic modeling and forecasting. Unfortunately, as the Covid-19 pandemic has dramatically highlighted, for the…
Research infrastructures have been identified as an important source of greenhouse gas emissions of astronomical research. Based on a comprehensive inventory of 1,211 ground-based observatories and space missions, we assessed the evolution…
Ukraine's tug-of-war between Russia and the West has had significant and lasting consequences for the country. In 2013, Viktor Yanukovych, the Ukrainian president aligned with Russia, opted against signing an association agreement with the…
There exists a growing discourse around the domination of Big Tech on the landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) research, yet our comprehension of this phenomenon remains cursory. This paper aims to broaden and deepen our understanding…