地球物理

Plate motions are governed by equilibrium between basal and edge forces. Great earthquakes may induce differential static stress changes across tectonic plates, enabling a new equilibrium state. Here we consider the torque balance for…

We consider the late-time tailing in a tracer test performed with a push-drift methodology (i.e., quasi-radial injection followed by drift under natural gradient). Numerical simulations of such tests are performed on 1000 multi-Gaussian 2D…

Boulders are an important coastal hazard event deposit because they can only be moved by tsunamis and storms. However, storms and tsunami are competing processes for coastal change along many shorelines. Therefore, distinguishing the…

As the magma ascends from its depth of generation to the surface, it is often stored in a series of chambers along the way. The rheological contrast between the viscous magma in the magmatic chambers and the surrounding rocks disturbed the…

We use the Pareto Joint Inversion, together with the Particle Swarm Optimization, to invert the Love and quasi-Rayleigh surface-wave speeds, obtained from dispersion curves, in order to infer the elasticity parameters, mass densities and…

Glass stability (GS) indicates the glass reluctance or ability to crystallise upon heating; it can be characterised by several methods and parameters and is frequently used to retrieve glass-forming ability (GFA) of corresponding liquids as…

We present a new rheological model depending on a real parameter $\nu \in [0,1]$ that reduces to the Maxwell body for $\nu=0$ and to the Becker body for $\nu=1$. The corresponding creep law is expressed in an integral form in which the…

Mangrove forests store high densities of organic carbon compared to other forested ecosystems. High carbon storage coupled with high rates of deforestation means that mangroves contribute substantially to carbon emissions. Thus, mangroves…

Recently several cases of observations of unipolar magnetic field pulses associated with earthquakes at different points (California, Italy, Peru) have been recorded. The paper attempts to model unipolar magnetic field pulses based on one…

Methane, as a strong greenhouse gas, has 21-25 times the warming potential per unit mass than carbon dioxide, and the methane from the oceans can contribute to ~4% of the annual atmosphere methane budget. Large methane bubble plumes have…

Imaging the anelastic deformation within the crust and lithosphere using surface geophysical data remains a significant challenge in part due to the wide range of physical processes operating at different depths and to various levels of…

The static offsets caused by earthquakes are well described by elastostatic models with a discontinuity in the displacement along the fault. A traditional approach to model this discontinuity is to align the numerical mesh with the fault…

Plasticity refers to thermodynamically irreversible deformation associated with a change of configuration of materials. Friction is a phenomenological law that describes the forces resisting sliding between two solids or across an embedded…

Changes in magmatic assemblages and crystal stability as a response of CO2 flushing in basaltic systems have been never directly addressed experimentally, making the role of CO2 in magma dynamics still controversial and object of scientific…

On 5 July 2014, an eruptive fissure opened on the eastern flank of Etna volcano (Italy) at ~3.000 m a.s.l. Strombolian activity and lava effusion occurred simultaneously at two neighbouring vents. In the following weeks, eruptive activity…

The theory of plate tectonics describes some basic global tectonic processes as a result of motion of lithospheric plates. The boundary between lithosphere and asthenosphere (LAB) is defined by a difference in response to stress. Position…

Scale invariance of intrinsic patterns is an important concept in geology that can be observed in numerous geological objects and phenomena. These geological objects and phenomena are described as containing statistically selfsimilar…

Nanoporous materials provide high surface area per unit mass and are capable of fluids adsorption. While the measurements of overall amount of fluid adsorbed by a nanopororus sample are straightforward, probing the fluid spacial…

Current shallow granular flow models suited to arbitrary topography can be divided into two types, those formulated in bed-fitted curvilinear coordinates, and those formulated in global Cartesian coordinates. The shallow granular flow model…

We use a simple, collision-based, discrete, random abrasion model to compute the profiles for the stoss faces in a bedrock abrasion process. The model is the discrete equivalent of the generalized version of a classical, collision based…