数据分析、统计与概率
Periodic structures are often found in various areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology with many of them being used for metrological purposes either to calibrate instruments, or forming the basis of measuring devices such as encoders.…
Physico-chemical continuum battery models are typically parameterized by manual fits, relying on the individual expertise of researchers. In this article, we introduce a computer algorithm that directly utilizes the experience of battery…
The paper aims to demonstrate how the measurements of different species of cosmic ray flux can lead to a meaningful physical inference. We want to show when and how it is possible to path the way from measurement to physical inference and…
There is demand in diverse fields for a reliable method of estimating the entropy associated with correlations. The estimation of a unique entropy directly from the Pearson correlation matrix has remained an open problem for more than half…
Implementing a lockdown for disease mitigation is a balancing act: Non-pharmaceutical interventions can reduce disease transmission significantly, but interventions also have considerable societal costs. Therefore, decision-makers need near…
A streamflow time series encompasses a large amount of hidden information and reliable prediction of its behavior in the future remains a challenge. It seems that the use of information measures can significantly contribute to determining…
Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) include various effects that result from aerosols entering a cloud, and affecting cloud properties. In general, an increase in aerosol concentration results in smaller droplet sizes which leads to larger,…
To what extent can we forecast a time series without fitting to historical data? Can universal patterns of probability help in this task? Deep relations between pattern Kolmogorov complexity and pattern probability have recently been used…
Stochastic evolution equations describing the dynamics of systems under the influence of both deterministic and stochastic forces are prevalent in all fields of science. Yet, identifying these systems from sparse-in-time observations…
The interest in the wisdom of crowds stems mainly from the possibility of combining independent forecasts from experts in the hope that many expert minds are better than a few. Hence the relevant subject of study nowadays is the Vox…
The use of multicomponent images has become widespread with the improvement of multisensor systems having increased spatial and spectral resolutions. However, the observed images are often corrupted by an additive Gaussian noise. In this…
This article discusses a number of incorrect statements appearing in textbooks on data analysis, machine learning, or computational methods; the common theme in all these cases is the relevance and application of statistics to the study of…
A framework is presented to extract and understand decision-making information from a deep neural network (DNN) classifier of jet substructure tagging techniques. The general method studied is to provide expert variables that augment inputs…
The comparison of experimental data and theoretical predictions is important for our understanding of the mechanisms for interactions and particle production in hadron collisions, both at the Large Hadron Collider and at the Relativistic…
We present a novel method for stochastic interpolation of sparsely sampled time signals based on a superstatistical random process generated from a multivariate Gaussian scale mixture. In comparison to other stochastic interpolation methods…
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) as the world's brightest light sources provide ultrashort X-ray pulses with a duration typically in the order of femtoseconds. Recently, they have approached and entered the attosecond regime, which holds…
Inverse problems defined on the sphere arise in many fields, including seismology and cosmology where problems are defined on the globe and the cosmic sphere. These are generally high-dimensional and computationally very complex and, as a…
Electronic band structure (BS) and crystal structure are the two complementary identifiers of solid state materials. While convenient instruments and reconstruction algorithms have made large, empirical, crystal structure databases…
We introduce a new formulation of local clustering coefficient for weighted correlation networks. This new formulation is based upon a definition introduced previously in the neuroscience context and aimed at compensating for spurious…
AtomAI is an open-source software package bridging instrument-specific Python libraries, deep learning, and simulation tools into a single ecosystem. AtomAI allows direct applications of the deep convolutional neural networks for atomic and…