数据分析、统计与概率

We study the global topology of the syntactic and semantic distributional similarity networks for English through the technique of spectral analysis. We observe that while the syntactic network has a hierarchical structure with strong…

Power grids are prone to failure. Time series of reliability measures such as total power loss or energy not supplied can give significant account of the underlying dynamical behavior of these systems, specially when the resulting…

Many complex systems, including networks, are not static but can display strong fluctuations at various time scales. Characterizing the dynamics in complex networks is thus of the utmost importance in the understanding of these networks and…

A wide range of natural and social phenomena result in observables whose distributions can be well approximated by a power-law decay. The well-known Hill estimator of the tail exponent provides results which are in many respects superior to…

This article discusses the determination of asymmetries. We consider a sample of events consisting of a peak of signal events on top of some background events. Both signal and background have an unknown asymmetry, e.g. a spin or…

Recently, the Shannon entropy, which was introduced originally as a measure of information amount, has been widely used as a useful index of various diversities such as biodiversity and geodiversity. In this work we have evaluated the…

The linear inverse source and scattering problems are studied from the perspective of compressed sensing, in particular the idea that sufficient incoherence and sparsity guarantee uniqueness of the solution. By introducing the sensor as…

In the study of complex networks (systems), the scaling phenomenon of flow fluctuations refers to a certain power-law between the mean flux (activity) $<F_i>$ of the $i$th node and its variance $\sigma_i$ as $\sigma_i \propto < F_{i} >…

Modeling of headway/spacing between two consecutive vehicles has many applications in traffic flow theory and transport practice. Most known approaches only study the vehicles running on freeways. In this paper, we propose a model to…

This paper presents a statistical method to subtract background in maximum likelihood fit, without relying on any separate sideband or simulation for background modeling. The method, called sFit, is an extension to the sPlot technique…

Most networks found in social and biochemical systems have modular structures. An important question prompted by the modularity of these networks is whether nodes can be said to belong to a single group. If they cannot, we would need to…

It is well known that projective measurement will not decrease the von Neumann entropy of a quantum state. In this paper, it is shown that projective measurement will not decrease the quantum Tsallis entropy of a quantum state, either.…

To provide a more accurate description of the driving behaviors in vehicle queues, a namely Markov-Gap cellular automata model is proposed in this paper. It views the variation of the gap between two consequent vehicles as a Markov process…

A new, computationally- and statistically-efficient algorithm, the Fast $\chi^2$ algorithm, can find a periodic signal with harmonic content in irregularly-sampled data with non-uniform errors. The algorithm calculates the minimized…

Modular structure is ubiquitous among real-world networks from related proteins to social groups. Here we analyze the modular organization of brain networks at a large-scale (voxel level) extracted from functional magnetic resonance imaging…

Correlations between psychological and physiological phenomena form the basis for different medical and scientific disciplines, but the nature of this relation has not yet been fully understood. One conceptual option is to understand the…

In recent years, many efforts have been addressed on collision avoidance of collectively moving agents. In this paper, we propose a modified version of the Vicsek model with adaptive speed, which can guarantee the absence of collisions.…

The results of quantitative analysis of word distribution in two fables in Ukrainian by Ivan Franko: "Mykyta the Fox" and "Abu-Kasym's slippers" are reported. Our study consists of two parts: the analysis of frequency-rank distributions and…

In this paper we derive an updating scheme for calculating some important network statistics such as degree, clustering coefficient, etc., aiming at reduce the amount of computation needed to track the evolving behavior of large networks;…

In this manuscript we give thought to the aftermath on the stable probability density function when standard multiplicative cascades are generalised cascades based on the $q$-product of Borges that emerged in the context of non-extensive…