大气与海洋物理

Climate models often require post-processing in order to make accurate estimates of local climate risk. The most common post-processing applied is bias-correction and spatial resolution enhancement. However, the statistical methods…

Clouds play an important role in the Earth's energy budget and their behavior is one of the largest uncertainties in future climate projections. Satellite observations should help in understanding cloud responses, but decades and petabytes…

Precipitation governs Earth's hydroclimate, and its daily spatiotemporal fluctuations have major socioeconomic effects. Advances in Numerical weather prediction (NWP) have been measured by the improvement of forecasts for various physical…

The Atmospheric Chemistry and Energetics (ACE) 1D model is a first principles based model that generates a globally averaged thermosphere and ionosphere in terms of constituent major, minor, and charged species, as well as associated…

AEROS is a 3U CubeSat pathfinder toward a future ocean-observing constellation, targeting the Portuguese Atlantic region. AEROS features a miniaturized, high-resolution Hyperspectral Imager (HSI), a 5MP RGB camera, and a Software Defined…

MAGAL lays the foundations for a future constellation of small satellites carrying radar altimeters aiming to improve the understanding of ocean circulation variability at local, regional, and global scales. All necessary tools will be…

AEROS aims to develop a nanosatellite as a precursor of a future system of systems, which will include assets and capabilities of both new and existing platforms operating in the Ocean and Space, equipped with state-of-the-art sensors and…

Extreme precipitation shows non-stationary behavior over time, but also with respect to other large-scale variables. While this effect is often neglected, we propose a model including the influence of North Atlantic Oscillation, time,…

Accelerating the numerical integration of partial differential equations by learned surrogate model is a promising area of inquiry in the field of air pollution modeling. Most previous efforts in this field have been made on learned…

Rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) provides a great challenge in operational forecasting and contributes significantly to the development of major TCs. RI is commonly defined as an increase in the maximum sustained…

Despite continuous improvements, precipitation forecasts are still not as accurate and reliable as those of other meteorological variables. A major contributing factor to this is that several key processes affecting precipitation…

Since model bias and associated initialization shock are serious shortcomings that reduce prediction skills in state-of-the-art decadal climate prediction efforts, we pursue a complementary machine-learning-based approach to climate…

In this paper, we present Pangu-Weather, a deep learning based system for fast and accurate global weather forecast. For this purpose, we establish a data-driven environment by downloading $43$ years of hourly global weather data from the…

Greening cities is a key solution to improve the urban microclimate and mitigate the impact of climate change. However, the effect of tree planting on pollutant dispersion in streets is still a debated topic. To shed light on this issue, we…

Energy scenarios and transition pathways need estimates of technical wind energy potentials. However, the standard policy-side approach uses observed wind speeds, thereby neglecting the effects of kinetic energy (KE) removal by the wind…

An apparent giant wave event having a maximum trough-to-crest height of 21 metres and a maximum zero-upcrossing period of 27 seconds was recorded by a wave buoy at a nearshore location off the southwestern coast of Australia. It appears as…

This paper describes a simple method for estimating the strength of a thermal updraft from a Temp (i.e., a SkewT, Emagram, or similar) showing the temperature and dew point profile of the lower atmosphere. The data of the Temp can come from…

Measurements with a glider show that thermal theories published for decades need to be revised. We present a corrected view of temperature and humidity in thermal updrafts.

Summer monsoon rainfall over India depends on synoptic-scale phenomena like lows and depressions. India's summer monsoon season 2020 saw above-average rainfall. North Indian Ocean had 12 LPAs in summer 2020 in JJAS season. This monsoon…

We performed a number of statistical analysis methods on the historical data for the air temperature at 2 m above the ground and its range, as reported by the database of NASA known as POWER, which stands for Prediction Of Worldwide Energy…