大气与海洋物理
This paper promotes a measure to validate the hydrostatic approximation via scaling the nontraditional Coriolis term (NCT) in the zonal momentum equation. To demonstrate the scaling, this study simulates large-scale flow forced by a…
We test the reliability of two neural network interpretation techniques, backward optimization and layerwise relevance propagation, within geoscientific applications by applying them to a commonly studied geophysical phenomenon, the…
In this supplementary article to Kostinkskiy et al. (2020), we evaluate how it is possible to initiate and synchronize the start of a large number of streamer flashes, which can provide a powerful VHF signal, in the time range of ~1-3 us.…
This paper describes the inversion procedure being used operationally at the Norwegian Meteorological Institute for estimating ash emission rates from retrieved satellite ash column amounts and a priori knowledge. The overall procedure…
Freshwater forcing from a retreating Antarctic Ice Sheet could have a wide range of impacts on future global climate. Here, we report on multi-century (present-2250) climate simulations performed using a fully coupled numerical model…
The water following characteristics of six different drifter types are investigated using two different operational marine environmental prediction systems: one produced by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) and the other produced…
The notion that the whole is more than the sum of its parts has a long tradition in science. This, of course, also applies to the Earth system. With its myriad of processes, spanning from purely physical to life and human activity, the…
Accurate representation of vertical turbulent fluxes is crucial for numerical ocean modelling, both in global and coastal applications. The state-of-the-art approach is to use two-equation turbulence closure models which introduces two…
The rapid growth of offshore wind energy requires accurate modeling of the wind resource, which can be depleted by wind farm wakes. Turbulence dissipation rate governs the accuracy of model predictions of hub-height wind speed and the…
OH airglow is an important nocturnal emission of the Earth's mesopause region. As it is chemiluminescent radiation in a thin medium, the population distribution over the various roto-vibrational OH energy levels of the electronic ground…
Nowadays, particulate matter, especially that with small dimension as PM10, PM2.5 and PM1, is the air quality indicator most commonly associated with a number of adverse health effects. In this paper it is analyzed the impact that a natural…
The propagation and refraction of waves in dispersive media are considered. A primary objective is to determine whether waves refract as monochromatic waves by Snell's law with phase velocity or as wave packets. The refraction of wave…
A 'nowcast' is a type of weather forecast which makes predictions in the very short term, typically less than two hours - a period in which traditional numerical weather prediction can be limited. This type of weather prediction has…
Neural networks have opened up many new opportunities to utilize remotely sensed images in meteorology. Common applications include image classification, e.g., to determine whether an image contains a tropical cyclone, and image…
We present here an empirical method aimed at decreasing the error in the significant wave height calculated through the Wave Watch model. The errors are calculated as the difference between the modeled and the locally observed measurement.…
The glaciological record of atmospheric composition suggests O2 has declined over the last 800000 years at an average rate of 0.3 x 1012 mol (Tmol) O2 yr-1. Because the geological carbon cycle regulates long term atmospheric oxygen…
The upcoming Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite altimetry mission is expected to yield two-dimensional high-resolution measurements of Sea Surface Height (SSH), thus allowing for a better characterization of the mesoscale and…
Human migration during the Chinese Spring Festival (SF) is the largest collective human activity of its kind in the modern era-involving about one-tenth of the world population and over six percent of the earth's land surface area. The…
In high mountains, the effects of climate change are manifesting most rapidly. This is especially critical for the high-altitude carbon cycle, for which new feedbacks could be triggered. However, mountain carbon dynamics is only partially…
Changes in the atmospheric composition alter the magnitude and partitioning between the downward propagating solar and atmospheric longwave radiative fluxes heating the Earth's surface. These changes are computed by radiative transfer codes…