综合数学
We use a well known concept of proper vertex colouring of a graph to introduce the construction of a chromatic completion graph and its related parameter, the chromatic completion number of a graph. We then give the chromatic completion…
Let $m=2l$ be a positive natural number, $l=1, 2, \ldots. $ A Finslerian metric $F$ is called an $m$-th root metric if its $m$-th power $F^m$ is of class $C^{m}$ on the tangent manifold $TM$. Using some homogenity properties, the local…
In this note we provide a direct approach to the most basic operator in this theory namely the exterior derivative. The crucial ingredient is a calculus lemma based on determinants. We maintain the view that in a first course at least this…
While the prime numbers have been subject to mathematical inquiry since the ancient Greeks, the accumulated effort of understanding these numbers has - as Marcus du Sautoy recently phrased it - 'not revealed the origins of what makes the…
We establish some properties of substochastic matrices that we haven't been able to find in the literature
The family of Chithra graphs is a wide ranging family of graphs which includes any graph of size at least one. Chithra graphs serve as a graph theoretical model for genetic engineering techniques or for modelling natural mutation within…
In this paper, we construct the fundamental theorem of UP-homomorphisms in UP-algebras. We also give an application of the theorem to the first, second, third and fourth UP-isomorphism theorems in UP-algebras.
In this article we present certain formulas involving arithmetical functions. In the first part we study properties of sums and product formulas for general type of arithmetic functions. In the second part we apply these formulas to the…
In this paper, we introduce some new classes of algebras related to UP-algebras and semigroups, called a left UP-semigroup, a right UP-semigroup, a fully UP-semigroup, a left-left UP-semigroup, a right-left UP-semigroup, a left-right…
The main objective of the present paper is to investigate a sufficient condition for which a rectifying curve on a smooth surface remains invariant under isometry of surfaces, and also it is shown that under such an isometry the component…
The prime counting function inequality $\pi(x+y) < \pi(x)+\pi(y)$, which is known as Hardy-Littlewood conjecture, has been established for a variety of cases such as $ \delta x \leq y \leq x$, where $0< \delta \leq 1$, and $x \leq y\leq x…
This application of renormalization techniques offers a modern take on the classical Arbelos geometry problem. Keeping within the context of the original problem, two semicircles, meeting at chord T, are together circumscribed by a third…
We construct real and complex matrices in terms of Kronecker products of a Witt basis of 2n null vectors in the geometric algebra over the real and complex numbers. In this basis, every matrix is represented by a unique sum of products of…
Properties and examples of the dual transformation between two planes, which is such that the coordinates of a point in the original plane give the coefficients of a line in the dual plane and the coefficients of a line in the original…
A semantic analysis of formal systems is undertaken, wherein the duality of their symbolic definition based on the "State of Doing" and "State of Being" is brought out. We demonstrate that when these states are defined in a way that opposes…
In this work we present a simple approximation for the Voigt/comp-lex error function based on fitting with set of the exponential functions of form ${\alpha _n}{\left| t \right|^n}{e^{ - {\beta _n}\left| t \right|}}$, where ${\alpha _n}$…
This commentary considers non-standard analysis and a recently introduced computational methodology based on the notion of \G1 (this symbol is called \emph{grossone}). The latter approach was developed with the intention to allow one to…
In this paper we extend the Dirichlet integral formula of Lobachevsky. Let $f(x)$ be a continuous function and satisfy in the $\pi$-periodic assumption $f(x+\pi)=f(x)$, and $f(\pi-x)=f(x)$, $0\leq x<\infty $. If the integral $\int_0^\infty…
Exact solutions with the initial conditions are presented in the cubic duffing equation. These exact solutions are expressed in terms of the leaf function and the trigonometric function. The leaf functions: $r=sleaf_n(t) $ or $…
We present a new formula for pi involving nested radicals with rapid convergence. This formula is based on the arctangent function identity with argument $x=\sqrt{2-{{a}_{k-1}}}/{{a}_{k}}$, where \[…