天体物理仪器与方法
The goal of Project GAUSS is to return samples from the dwarf planet Ceres. Ceres is the most accessible ocean world candidate and the largest reservoir of water in the inner solar system. It shows active cryovolcanism and hydrothermal…
Modern radio and multi-instrument astrophysical datasets are increasingly assembled from surveys with different sensitivities and selection effects. In such heterogeneous datasets, published measurement uncertainties are often incomplete,…
Mutual coupling is a dominant systematic effect in dense reflector arrays, imprinting direction-dependent and frequency-dependent structure on embedded element patterns (EEPs) and currently limiting sensitivity in precision radio…
Atmospheric seeing arises from stochastic fluctuations in the refractive index of the Earth's atmosphere, producing random variations in the apparent direction of incoming light from astronomical sources. Scintillation refers to the…
The distinction between stars and galaxies is a fundamental problem in the field of celestial classification. This issue has become challenging for these ongoing and upcoming digital surveys, which will produce terabytes and even petabytes…
Foreground mitigation remains a central challenge for 21 cm intensity mapping experiments, which require precise, wideband calibration of telescope beams and gains. We present the Precision Emitter for 21 cm Array Coherent Calibration…
Data collected from the physical world is always a combination of multiple sources: an underlying signal from the physical process of interest and a signal from measurement-dependent artifacts from the sensor or instrument. This secondary…
We present UMI (Unified Median Iterative), a novel robust location estimator for detrending photometric time series in exoplanet transit surveys. UMI modifies the standard Tukey bisquare M-estimator with two innovations: (1) an asymmetric…
The instrumental profile (IP) of a telescope is of great significance for spectroscopic analyses, especially for wavelength calibration and stellar parameter measurements. The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope…
We construct a concept-object knowledge graph from the full astro-ph corpus through July 2025. Using an automated pipeline, we extract named astrophysical objects from OCR-processed papers, resolve them to SIMBAD identifiers, and link them…
The detection of ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos in the EeV range is the goal of current and future in-ice radio arrays at the South Pole and in Greenland. Here, we present a deep neural network that can reconstruct the main neutrino…
Historically employed spectroscopic architectures used for large field of view mapping spectroscopy in millimetere and sub-millimetre astronomy suffer from significant drawbacks. On-chip filterbank spectrometers are a promising technology…
Transformer networks excel in scientific applications. We explore two scenarios in ultra-high-energy cosmic ray simulations to examine what these network architectures learn. First, we investigate the trained positional encodings in air…
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a proposed 12-meter segmented facility optimized for seeing limited observations in the visible and designed to operate both a high-multiplex multi-object spectrograph and a panoramic integral…
This study evaluates the effect of proposed constellations -- ranging from current deployments to mega-constellations and very bright reflector concepts -- on direct trail losses, diffuse background, and scattered sky brightness. We use a…
Gamma-ray astronomy from hundreds of GeV to PeV is confined to ground-based experiments that detect air showers induced by $\gamma$-rays entering Earth's atmosphere. While particle detector arrays feature huge detection areas, accurately…
The 2025 UK National Astronomy Meeting (NAM) in Durham played host to a session titled "Unseen Astronomy", involving a variety of astronomy researchers in diverse fields. This unique meeting focussed on a number of novel projects exploring…
Stacked prism lenses (SPLs) are a type of refractive X-ray optics currently under development with the potential to greatly improve on current X-ray telescope optics in terms of focal length, angular resolution, efficiency and scalability.…
High-precision high-fidelity spectrographs are the most powerful instruments for exoplanets detection and characterization. The sub-m/s radial-velocity precision, required to detect Earth-mass exoplanets, necessitates tackling all the…
cTreeBalls (cBalls for short) is a Python/C package useful to measure (2,3)-point clustering statistics. cBalls can efficiently calculate 3-point correlations of more than 200 million HEALPix pixels ( a full sky simulation with Nside =…