天体物理仪器与方法

PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) is the ESA M3 space mission dedicated to detect and characterise transiting exoplanets including information from the asteroseismic properties of their stellar hosts. The uninterrupted…

Deep spectroscopic samples can be used to improve photometric redshift (photo-$z$) estimates and reduce uncertainties on redshift distributions. Such improvements can increase the cosmological constraining power of large imaging-based…

Recently, the ACS team applied an Ubercal framework to assess the photometric repeatability of stars observed across the WFC detector using 15 years of post-SM4 calibration data in the globular cluster 47 Tuc (Ryan et al., 2024). A…

Gravitational waves from intermediate-mass black-hole (IMBH) binaries is a probe of strong-field gravity and black-hole evolution. Detection of IMBH is challenging because of their typically low frequency where the seismic noise, radiation…

Integrated-light star cluster catalogues in external galaxies are subject to complex, often poorly-characterised selection effects that can bias inferred cluster demographics and introduce significant uncertainties, limiting the physical…

Bruehl & Villarroel (2025) reported a correlation (p = 0.008, 2.6 sigma) between atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and photographic plate transient detection rates in the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-I) archive, independently…

An accurate model of the point spread function is required in order to estimate positions and brightnesses of stars in digitized images. The PSF of the Gaia space telescope is unusual due to the use of drift-scan mode and time-delayed…

Modern telescopes generate increasingly large and diverse datasets, often consisting of complex and morphologically rich structures. To efficiently explore such data requires automated methods that can extract and organize physically…

Context. Among options for definition of the lunar reference time, the option taking Lunar Coordinate Time (O1) has its simplicity but cannot be realized by any clock without steering, while another option adopting the lunar geoid…

Our objective is to characterize the QUIJOTE Thirty and Forty GHz instrument (TFGI), calibrate it with a reference calibration signal on the ground, compare our results with on-sky calibration based on bright sources, and study the…

The increasing field of view of radio telescopes and improved data processing capabilities have led to a surge in the detection of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). The discovery rate of FRBs is already a few per day and is expected to increase…

This paper presents the development and application of SpectrumMate LR, a broadband, low-resolution spectrograph for small telescope use. SpectrumMate LR is designed to offer affordable, accessible spectroscopic capabilities for amateur…

We present an independent pipeline for detecting candidate vanished sources on digitized first-epoch Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-I) photographic plates. The pipeline detects and PSF-filters sources on POSS-I Red DSS cutouts,…

Population inference in gravitational-wave astronomy allows us to connect individual detections to the astrophysics of compact objects and their environments. Current approaches employed for population inference with LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data…

Contemporary all-sky surveys have observed thousands of extragalactic transients in the nearby universe, and upcoming surveys will discover exponentially more at higher redshifts. With these large samples, population-level analysis of the…

This white paper introduces a framework for applying Assembly Theory (AT) to planetary atmospheres as a biosignature framework suitable for the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). AT quantifies the minimum combinatorial complexity required…

Shortly after a new class of objects is discovered, the attention shifts from the properties of the individual sources to the question of their origin: do all sources come from the same underlying population, or several populations are…

We are a group of over two dozen astronomers, computer scientists, data scientists and digital Big Data research platform experts at 11 universities and research institutes in South Africa and Europe. We study Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) for…

We present SESCC (Speed-Error Signals Cross-Correlation), a method for dating ancient star catalogues from the cross-correlation between stellar proper-motion speeds and positional residuals. At the true epoch, residuals are independent of…

A few weeks after launch, the PLATO spacecraft is expected to start its payload commissioning, which will be completed within the first three months of the mission. This phase includes the in-orbit verification, calibration, and…