天体物理仪器与方法

Strong gravitationally lensed supernovae (LSNe) are rare but extremely valuable probes of cosmology and astrophysics. Prompt identification within the alert streams of time-domain surveys such as the Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time…

Energetic particles continuously process water ice across astrophysical and planetary environments, from interstellar clouds and comets to icy planetary surfaces. Interpreting the resulting observables requires a physically grounded…

We present Egent, an autonomous agent that combines classical multi-Voigt profile fitting with large language model (LLM) visual inspection and iterative refinement. The fitting engine is built from scratch with minimal dependencies,…

With the arrival of ever higher throughput wide-field surveys and a multitude of multi-messenger and multi-wavelength instruments to complement them, software capable of harnessing these associated data streams is urgently required. To meet…

Since its observation in 2019, the first image of a super-massive black hole using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) with an Earth-scale baseline has generated much scientific and public interest, including the possible extension of…

We report on the successful detection of extensive air showers (EAS) generated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays using a small-aperture fluorescence telescope (FT) deployed at the Mount Aragats high-altitude research station. The instrument…

As the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) approaches operational status, its complex digital architecture introduces new instrumental challenges. To explore relevant observational and data processing strategies, we have upgraded the 21CMA…

The new Hubble Spectroscopic Legacy Archive (HSLA) provides coadded spectra of individual targets that have been observed with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) over their operating…

The observational validation of General Relativity (GR) has been propelled in recent years by recent breakthroughs in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) augmented by ALMA. We explore ALMA2040 opportunities to transform these studies…

Deep learning has generated diverse perspectives in astronomy, with ongoing discussions between proponents and skeptics motivating this review. We examine how neural networks complement classical statistics, extending our data analytical…

In the last few years, Intensity Interferometry (II) has made significant strides in achieving high-precision resolution of stellar objects at optical wavelengths. Despite these advancements, phase retrieval remains a major challenge due to…

In ground-based astronomy, Adaptive Optics (AO) is a pivotal technique, engineered to correct wavefront phase distortions and thereby enhance the quality of the observed images. Integral to an AO system is the wavefront sensor (WFS), which…

New basis functions for 2 dimensional (2D) image analysis with a circular boundary (referred to as multipole analysis) are derived which are equal-area weighted. We present open access Python code hosted by GitHub, with which users can…

The ESA Gaia mission is a 10+ year astrometric whole-sky scan, demanding consistent data quality over the whole timespan of operations Aims. The Gaia First Look (FL) is a system whose aim is monitoring the data quality to identify problems,…

We present the development and benchmarking of Poisson solvers for graphics processing units (GPUs). Implemented in the Astaroth platform, the solvers feature high computational efficiency. We present novel combinations of discretizations…

Instabilities in telescope pointing, commonly referred to as jitter, introduce image degradation that can compromise the accuracy of critical scientific observables. This work presents a differentiable forward-modeling approach to both…

Artificial satellites and space debris increasingly contaminate astronomical images, affecting scientific surveys and producing large volumes of streaked exposures. Manual inspection is no longer feasible at scale, and reliable detection…

Planned and ongoing searches for life, both biological and technological, confront an epistemic barrier concerning false positives - namely, that we don't know what we don't know. The most defensible and agnostic approach is to adopt…

Forthcoming Stage-IV dark energy optical surveys, such as LSST, have the ambitious goal of measuring cosmological parameters at sub-percent precision. Realizing their full scientific potential requires very precise measurement of the cosmic…

The space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors are expected to observe lensed GW events, offering new opportunities for cosmology and fundamental physics.Across the millihertz band, lensing effects transition from the wave-optics regime…