English

Raising and lowering maps for tridiagonal pairs

Combinatorics 2025-07-28 v1 Rings and Algebras

Abstract

Let VV denote a nonzero finite-dimensional vector space. A tridiagonal pair on VV is an ordered pair A,AA, A^* of maps in End(V){\rm End}(V) such that (i) each of A,AA, A^* is diagonalizable; (ii) there exists an ordering {Vi}i=0d\lbrace V_i \rbrace_{i=0}^d of the eigenspaces of AA such that AViVi1+Vi+Vi+1A^* V_i \subseteq V_{i-1} + V_i + V_{i+1} (0id)(0 \leq i \leq d), where V1=0V_{-1} =0 and Vd+1=0V_{d+1}=0; (iii) there exists an ordering {Vi}i=0δ\lbrace V^*_i \rbrace_{i=0}^\delta of the eigenspaces of AA^* such that AViVi1+Vi+Vi+1A V^*_i \subseteq V^*_{i-1} + V^*_i + V^*_{i+1} (0iδ)(0 \leq i \leq \delta), where V1=0V^*_{-1} =0 and Vδ+1=0V^*_{\delta+1}=0; (iv) there does not exist a subspace WVW \subseteq V such that W0W \not=0, WVW\not=V, AWWA W \subseteq W, AWWA^*W \subseteq W. Assume that A,AA, A^* is a tridiagonal pair on VV. It is known that d=δd=\delta. For 0id0 \leq i \leq d let θi\theta_i (resp. θi\theta^*_i) denote the eigenvalue of AA (resp. AA^*) for ViV_i (resp. ViV^*_i). By construction, there exist R,F,LEnd(V)R,F,L \in {\rm End}(V) such that A=R+F+LA=R+F+L and RViVi+1R V^*_i \subseteq V^*_{i+1}, FViViF V^*_i \subseteq V^*_i, LViVi1LV^*_i \subseteq V^*_{i-1} (0id)(0 \leq i \leq d). For 0id0 \leq i \leq d define Ui=(V0+V1++Vi)(Vi+Vi+1++Vd)U_i = (V^*_0 + V^*_1 + \cdots + V^*_i ) \cap (V_i + V_{i+1} + \cdots + V_d). It is known that the sum V=i=0dUiV=\sum_{i=0}^d U_i is direct. By construction, there exists R,LEnd(V)\mathcal R, \mathcal L \in {\rm End}(V) such that R=AθiI\mathcal R=A - \theta_i I and L=AθiI\mathcal L= A^*-\theta^*_i I on UiU_i (0id)(0 \leq i \leq d). It is known that RUiUi+1\mathcal R U_i \subseteq U_{i+1} and LUiUi1\mathcal L U_i \subseteq U_{i-1} (0id)(0 \leq i \leq d), where U1=0U_{-1}=0 and Ud+1=0U_{d+1}=0. In this paper, our main goal is to describe how R,F,L,R,LR,F,L,\mathcal R, \mathcal L are related. We also give some results concerning injectivity/surjectivity and R,LR, L.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2507.19400,
  title  = {Raising and lowering maps for tridiagonal pairs},
  author = {Paul Terwilliger},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.19400},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

30 pages

R2 v1 2026-07-01T04:19:06.291Z