English

How to sharpen a tridiagonal pair

Rings and Algebras 2008-07-28 v1 Combinatorics

Abstract

Let \F\F denote a field and let VV denote a vector space over \F\F with finite positive dimension. We consider a pair of linear transformations A:VVA:V \to V and A:VVA^*:V \to V that satisfy the following conditions: (i) each of A,AA,A^* is diagonalizable; (ii) there exists an ordering {Vi}i=0d\lbrace V_i\rbrace_{i=0}^d of the eigenspaces of AA such that AViVi1+Vi+Vi+1A^* V_i \subseteq V_{i-1} + V_{i} + V_{i+1} for 0id0 \leq i \leq d, where V1=0V_{-1}=0 and Vd+1=0V_{d+1}=0; (iii) there exists an ordering {Vi}i=0δ\lbrace V^*_i\rbrace_{i=0}^\delta of the eigenspaces of AA^* such that AViVi1+Vi+Vi+1A V^*_i \subseteq V^*_{i-1} + V^*_{i} + V^*_{i+1} for 0iδ0 \leq i \leq \delta, where V1=0V^*_{-1}=0 and Vδ+1=0V^*_{\delta+1}=0; (iv) there is no subspace WW of VV such that AWWAW \subseteq W, AWWA^* W \subseteq W, W0W \neq 0, WVW \neq V. We call such a pair a {\it tridiagonal pair} on VV. It is known that d=δd=\delta, and for 0id0 \leq i \leq d the dimensions of Vi,Vi,Vdi,VdiV_i, V^*_i, V_{d-i}, V^*_{d-i} coincide. Denote this common dimension by ρi\rho_i and call A,AA,A^* {\it sharp} whenever ρ0=1\rho_0=1. Let TT denote the \F\F-subalgebra of End\F(V){\rm End}_\F(V) generated by A,AA,A^*. We show: (i) the center Z(T)Z(T) is a field whose dimension over \F\F is ρ0\rho_0; (ii) the field Z(T)Z(T) is isomorphic to each of E0TE0E_0TE_0, EdTEdE_dTE_d, E0TE0E^*_0TE^*_0, EdTEdE^*_dTE^*_d, where EiE_i (resp. EiE^*_i) is the primitive idempotent of AA (resp. AA^*) associated with ViV_i (resp. ViV^*_i); (iii) with respect to the Z(T)Z(T)-vector space VV the pair A,AA,A^* is a sharp tridiagonal pair.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.0807.3990,
  title  = {How to sharpen a tridiagonal pair},
  author = {Tatsuro Ito and Paul Terwilliger},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:0807.3990},
  year   = {2008}
}

Comments

10 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-21T11:04:08.915Z