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In this work I describe a classical analog of Grover's quantum searching algorithm, explaining why a quantum algorithm should be able to perform search in O(sqrtN) steps and also acting as a useful pedagogic demonstration.

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-11-25 Shayak Bhattacharjee

Quantum Algorithms have long captured the imagination of computer scientists and physicists primarily because of the speed up achieved by them over their classical counterparts using principles of quantum mechanics. Entanglement is believed…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-05-31 Shantanav Chakraborty , Subhashish Banerjee , Satyabrata Adhikari , Atul Kumar

The Grover search algorithm is one of the two key algorithms in the field of quantum computing, and hence it is of significant interest to describe it in the most efficient mathematical formalism. We show firstly, that Clifford's formalism…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-01-10 James M. Chappell , M. A. Lohe , Lorenz von Smekal , Azhar Iqbal , Derek Abbot

Quantum mechanical search induces polynomial speed up in an unsorted database search process. In case of classical linear search the computational time increases with the dimensionality of the query. However, quantum parallelism, inherent…

量子物理 · 物理学 2010-12-30 Arti Chamoli , Samina S. Masood

Grover's algorithm relies on the superposition and interference of quantum mechanics, which is more efficient than classical computing in specific tasks such as searching an unsorted database. Due to the high complexity of quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-07 H. Sun , Z. Shi , S. Chen , G. Wang , X. Li , Y. Guan , Q. Zhang , Z. Shao

Shor's and Grover's famous quantum algorithms for factoring and searching show that quantum computers can solve certain computational problems significantly faster than any classical computer. We discuss here what quantum computers_cannot_…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-06-02 Peter Hoyer , Robert Spalek

We consider the problem of finding one or more desired items out of an unsorted database. Patel has shown that if the database permits quantum queries, then mere digitization is sufficient for efficient search for one desired item. The…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2009-09-30 Heping Hu , Yingyu Zhang , Zhengding Lu

Quantum algorithm, as compared to classical algorithm, plays a notable role in solving linear systems of equations with an exponential speedup. Here, we demonstrate a method for solving a particular system of equations by using the concept…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-08-20 Rituparna Maji , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

We propose a couple of oracle construction methods for quantum pattern matching. We in turn show that one of the construct can be used with the Grover's search algorithm for exact and partial pattern matching, deterministically. The other…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-02-24 Vikram Menon , Ayan Chattopadhyay

Grover's quantum search and its generalization, quantum amplitude amplification, provide quadratic advantage over classical algorithms for a diverse set of tasks, but are tricky to use without knowing beforehand what fraction $\lambda$ of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-11-26 Theodore J. Yoder , Guang Hao Low , Isaac L. Chuang

We describe a quantum computer emulator for a generic, general purpose quantum computer. This emulator consists of a simulator of the physical realization of the quantum computer and a graphical user interface to program and control the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Hans De Raedt , Anthony Hams , Kristel Michielsen , Koen De Raedt

In the Grover-type quantum search process a search operator is iteratively applied, say, k times, on the initial database state. We present an additive decomposition scheme such that the iteration process is expressed, in the computational…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-06-07 F. M. Toyama , W. van Dijk

Grover search is a renowned quantum search algorithm that leverages quantum superposition to find a marked item with quadratic speedup. However, when implemented on Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware, the required repeated…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-04-11 Chen-Yu Liu

Grover's quantum algorithm improves any classical search algorithm. We show how random Gaussian noise at each step of the algorithm can be modelled easily because of the exact recursion formulas available for computing the quantum amplitude…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-31 B. Pablo-Norman , M. Ruiz-Altaba

The question of which resources drive the advantages in quantum algorithms has long been a fundamental challenge. While entanglement and coherence are critical to many quantum algorithms, our results indicate that they do not fully explain…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-11 Si-Qi Zhou , Hai Jin , Jin-Min Liang , Shao-Ming Fei , Yunlong Xiao , Zhihao Ma

We exploit Grover operator of database search algorithm for weight decision algorithm. In this research, weight decision problem is to find an exact weight w from given two weights as w1 and w2 where w1+w2=1 and 0<w1<w2<1. Firstly, if a…

Grover's quantum algorithm can find a marked item from an unstructured database faster than any classical algorithm, and hence it has been used for several applications such as cryptanalysis and optimization. When there exist multiple…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-02 Kota Tani , Shunji Tsuchiya , Seiichiro Tani , Yuki Takeuchi

Quantum algorithms can be analyzed in a query model to compute Boolean functions where input is given in a black box, but the aim is to compute function value for arbitrary input using as few queries as possible. In this paper we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-03-24 Alina Dubrovska Vasilieva , Taisia Mischenko-Slatenkova

We study some extensions of Grover's quantum searching algorithm. First, we generalize the Grover iteration in the light of a concept called amplitude amplification. Then, we show that the quadratic speedup obtained by the quantum searching…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-01-03 Gilles Brassard , Peter Hoyer , Alain Tapp

Grover's algorithm confers on quantum computers a quadratic advantage over classical computers for searching in an arbitrary data set, a scenario that describes Bitcoin mining. It has previously been argued that the only side-effect of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-03-17 Or Sattath