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Quantum computers have advanced rapidly in qubit count and gate fidelity. However, large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing still relies on quantum error correction code (QECC) to suppress noise. Manually or experimentally verifying the…

Quantum error correction is an essential component for practical quantum computing on noisy quantum hardware. However, logical operations on error-corrected qubits require a significant resource overhead, especially for high-precision and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-31 Hyeongrak Choi , Frederic T. Chong , Dirk Englund , Yongshan Ding

As techniques for fault-tolerant quantum computation keep improving, it is natural to ask: what is the fundamental lower bound on redundancy? In this paper, we obtain a lower bound on the redundancy required for $\epsilon$-accurate…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-08-23 Uthirakalyani G , Anuj K. Nayak , Avhishek Chatterjee

In quantum error correction, information is encoded in a high-dimensional system to protect it from the environment. A crucial step is to use natural, low-weight operations with an ancilla to extract information about errors without causing…

This work addresses the open question of implementing fault-tolerant QRLCs with feasible computational overhead. We present a new decoder for quantum random linear codes (QRLCs) capable of dealing with imperfect decoding operations. A first…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-07-08 Diogo Cruz , Francisco A. Monteiro , André Roque , Bruno C. Coutinho

Studies of quantum error correction (QEC) typically focus on stochastic Pauli errors because the existence of a threshold error rate below which stochastic Pauli errors can be corrected implies that there exists a threshold below which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-06-27 Stefanie J. Beale , Joel J. Wallman

Quantum error mitigation has been proposed as a means to combat unwanted and unavoidable errors in near-term quantum computing without the heavy resource overheads required by fault tolerant schemes. Recently, error mitigation has been…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-15 Yihui Quek , Daniel Stilck França , Sumeet Khatri , Johannes Jakob Meyer , Jens Eisert

Quantum computers will eventually reach a size at which quantum error correction becomes imperative. Quantum information can be protected from qubit imperfections and flawed control operations by encoding a single logical qubit in multiple…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-03-15 N. M. Linke , M. Gutierrez , K. A. Landsman , C. Figgatt , S. Debnath , K. R. Brown , C. Monroe

Fault tolerant quantum error correction (QEC) networks are studied by a combination of numerical and approximate analytical treatments. The probability of failure of the recovery operation is calculated for a variety of CSS codes, including…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Andrew M. Steane

We introduce a low-overhead technique for quantum error mitigation based on post-selection using auxiliary qubit measurements. The method exploits the structural property that, in an error-free computation, auxiliary qubits are often…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-28 Gilad Kishony , Avi Elazari , Ron Cohen , Lior Gazit

Quantum error detection (QED) offers a promising pathway to fault tolerance in near-term quantum devices by balancing error suppression with minimal resource overhead. However, its practical utility hinges on optimizing design…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-14 Tom Ginsberg , Vyom Patel

Many current quantum error-correcting codes that achieve full fault tolerance suffer from having low ratios of logical to physical qubits and significant overhead. This makes them difficult to implement on current noisy intermediate-scale…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-22 Christopher Gerhard , Todd A. Brun

Efficient decoding to estimate error locations from outcomes of syndrome measurement is the prerequisite for quantum error correction. Decoding in presence of circuit-level noise including measurement errors should be considered in case of…

We present and analyze protocols for fault-tolerant quantum computing using color codes. We present circuit-level schemes for extracting the error syndrome of these codes fault-tolerantly. We further present an integer-program-based…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-08-31 Andrew J. Landahl , Jonas T. Anderson , Patrick R. Rice

In this paper we introduce a universal operator theoretic framework for quantum fault tolerance. This incorporates a top-down approach that implements a system-level criterion based on specification of the full system dynamics, applied at…

We develop error-tolerant quantum state discrimination(QSD) strategies that maintain reliable performance under moderate noise. Two complementary approaches are proposed: CrossQSD, which generalizes unambiguous discrimination with tunable…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-19 Chien-Kai Ma , Bo-Hung Chen , Tian-Fu Chen , Dah-Wei Chiou , Jie-Hong Roland Jiang

The discovery of quantum error correction has greatly improved the long-term prospects for quantum computing technology. Encoded quantum information can be protected from errors that arise due to uncontrolled interactions with the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 John Preskill

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

Quantum computers will require encoding of quantum information to protect them from noise. Fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures illustrate how this might be done but have not yet shown a conclusive practical advantage. Here we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-03-01 Robin Harper , Steven T. Flammia

We suggest a technique for constructing lower (existence) bounds for the fault-tolerant threshold to scalable quantum computation applicable to degenerate quantum codes with sublinear distance scaling. We give explicit analytic expressions…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-08-05 Ilya Dumer , Alexey A. Kovalev , Leonid P. Pryadko