相关论文: Time as a Dynamical Variable

In this work we will advance farther along a line previously developed concerning our proposal of a time interval operator, on finite dimensional spaces. The time interval operator is Hermitian, and its eigenvalues are time values with a…

An apparent paradox is resolved that concerns the existence of time operators which have been derived for the quantum harmonic oscillator. There is an apparent paradox because, although a time operator is canonically conjugate to the…

We consider some basic problems associated with quantum mechanics of systems having a time-dependent Hilbert space. We provide a consistent treatment of these systems and address the possibility of describing them in terms of a…

It is shown that in presence of certain external fields a well defined self-adjoint time operator exists, satisfying the standard canonical commutation relations with the Hamiltonian. Examples include uniform electric and gravitational…

We consider quantum dynamics for which the strict adiabatic approximation fails but which do not escape too far from the adiabatic limit. To treat these systems we introduce a generalisation of the time dependent wave operator theory which…

A modification of the covariant theory is proposed in which the self-energy of the system, corresponding to time-like degrees of freedom in the configuration space, preserves the classical law of change in quantum theory. As a result,…

As time is not an observable, we use Fisher information (FI) to address the problem of time. We show that the Hamiltonian constraint operator cannot be used to analyze any quantum process for quantum geometries that are associated with…

The aim of this work is to review the concepts of time in quantum mechanics and general relativity to show their incompatibility. We show that the absolute character of Newtonian time is present in quantum mechanics and also partially in…

Time operator is studied on the basis of field quantization, where the difficulty stemming from Pauli's theorem is circumvented by borrowing ideas from the covariant quantization of the bosonic string, i.e., one can remove the negative…

Beginning with the principle that a closed mechanical composite system is timeless, time can be defined by the regular changes in a suitable position coordinate (clock) in the observing part, when one part of the closed composite observes…

It is usually assumed that the "$t$" parameter in the equations of dynamics can be identified with the indication of the pointer of a clock. Things are not so easy, however. In fact, since the equations of motion can be written in terms of…

Contrary to the conviction expressed by J. Kijowski [Phys. Rev. A 59, 897 (1999)] and shared in some other papers, the reasons to look for the 'time operator' in the context of the standard quantum doctrine of orthogonal projectors and…

We revisit the issue of time in quantum geometrodynamics and suggest a quantization procedure on the space of true dynamic variables. This procedure separates the issue of quantization from enforcing the constraints caused by the general…

The notions of time in the theories of Newton and Einstein are reviewed so that certain of their assumptions are clarified. These assumptions will be seen as the causes of the incompatibility between the two different ways of understanding…

Some precisions are given about the definition of the Hamiltonian operator H and its transformation properties, for a linear wave equation in a general spacetime. In the presence of time-dependent unitary gauge transformations, H as an…

The approximations of classical mechanics resulting from quantum mechanics are richer than a correspondence of classical dynamical variables with self-adjoint Hilbert space operators. Assertion that classical dynamic variables correspond to…

Arguments are given that time must be defined in an operative manner,i.e., by constructing devices which can serve as clocks.The investigation of such devices leads to the conclusion that there is a principal uncertainity of time if one…

Time operator can be introduced by three different approaches: by pertaining it to dynamical variables; by quantizing the classical expression of time; taken as the restriction of energy shift generator to the Hilbert space of a physical…

We demonstrate that the time operator that measures the time of arrival of a quantum particle into chosen state can be defined as a self-adjoint quantum-mechanical operator using periodic boundary conditions on applied to wavefuncions in…

In recent years, time correlators have received renewed attention, especially under the guise of identifiers of nonclassical correlations. However, the physical interpretation of these objects, and more generally of multi-times variables,…