相关论文: Reducible field quantization (II): Electrons
In quantum field theories, field redefinitions are often employed to remove redundant operators in the Lagrangian, making calculations simpler and physics more evident. This technique requires some care regarding, among other things, the…
A method for describing charged relativistic Fermi fields is proposed, in which particles of opposite charges are treated equally and states with negative energy are excluded. The concept of charge quantum number is introduced. Fields of…
A new classical 2-spinor approach to $U(1)$ gauge theory is presented in which the usual four-potential vector field is replaced by a symmetric second rank spinor. Following a lagrangian formulation, it is shown that the four-rank spinor…
Reducible constrained Hamiltonian systems are quantized accordingly an irreducible BRST manner. Our procedure is based on the construction of an irreducible theory which is physically equivalent with the original one. The equivalence…
Geometric properties of operators of quantum Dirac constraints and physical observables are studied in semiclassical theory of generic constrained systems. The invariance transformations of the classical theory -- contact canonical…
For classical field theories with probabilistic initial conditions the classical field observables are an idealization. Their arbitrarily precise values poorly reflect the characteristic uncertainty in the presence of substantial…
Inspired by recent developments in electron chirality, we reconsider some microscopic physical quantities that have been overlooked or have received little attention in condensed matter physics, based on the non-relativistic limit of the…
It is well known that the single particle Dirac equation is gauge invariant. This means that observable quantities, such as the current density, are not affected by a gauge transformation. However what happens when the method of second…
The effects of a magnetic field on the energy and on the spin of free electrons are computed in the framework of quantum field theory. In the case of a constant moderate field and with relatively slow electrons, the derived formulae are…
We study a class of perturbative scalar quantum field theories where dynamics is characterized by Lorentz-invariant or Lorentz-breaking non-local operators of fractional order and the underlying spacetime has a varying spectral dimension.…
In order to test the canonical quantization programme for general relativity we introduce a reduced model for a real sector of complexified Ashtekar gravity which captures important properties of the full theory. While it does not…
The invariance of physical observables like particle's mass under a local field redefinition is a well-known and important property of quantum field theory. In this paper, on the other hand, we investigate nonlocal field redefinitions…
This paper argues that non-self-adjoint operators can be observables. There are only four ways for this to occur: non-self-adjoint observables can either be normal operators, or be symmetric, or have a real spectrum, or have none of these…
We examine canonical quantization of relativistic field theories on the forward hyperboloid, a Lorentz-invariant surface of the form $x_\mu x^\mu = \tau^2$. This choice of quantization surface implies that all components of the 4-momentum…
Quantum field theory unifies concepts from quantum theory and from special relativity. Its mathematically rigorous description is quite intricate and is only partially understood; this is particularly true for the construction of operators…
In quantum field theory the creation and annihilation operators that are located at the points in 3-momentum space have commutation relations that are conserved under the action of a $U({\infty})$ group. Here it is shown how to define an…
In the Dirac bracket approach to dynamical systems with second class constraints observables are represented by elements of a quotient Dirac bracket algebra. We describe families of new realizations of this algebra through quotients of the…
One of the traditional ways of introducing bosons and fermions is through creation-annihilation algebras. Historically, these have been associated with emission and absorption processes at the quantum level and are characteristic of the…
Correct quantization of free electromagnetic field is proposed
The relativistic phase-space representation by means of the usual position and momentum operators for a class of observables with Weyl symbols independent of charge variable (i.e. with any combination of position and momentum) is proposed.…