相关论文: Genetic information and quantum gas
Background The theoretical requirements for a genetic code were well defined and modeled by George Gamow and Francis Crick in the 50-es. Their models failed. However the valid Genetic Code, provided by Nirenberg and Matthaei in 1961,…
Information theoretic analysis of genetic languages indicates that the naturally occurring 20 amino acids and the triplet genetic code arose by duplication of 10 amino acids of class-II and a doublet genetic code having codons NNY and…
The genetic code maps the sixty-four nucleotide triplets (codons) to twenty amino-acids. While the biochemical details of this code were unraveled long ago, its origin is still obscure. We review information-theoretic approaches to the…
Replication of DNA and synthesis of proteins are studied from the view-point of quantum database search. Identification of a base-pairing with a quantum query gives a natural (and first ever) explanation of why living organisms have 4…
In this short paper, it is shown that the multiplet structure of the standard genetic code is derivable from the total number of nucleotides contained in 64 codons, 192, a small number. The degeneracy class-number is derived as the number…
Quantum error-correcting codes are analyzed from an information-theoretic perspective centered on quantum conditional and mutual entropies. This approach parallels the description of classical error correction in Shannon theory, while…
The notion of quantum information related to the two different perspectives of the global and local states is examined. There is circularity in the definition of quantum information because we can speak only of the information of systems…
The structure of the genetic code is discussed in formal terms. A rectangular table of the code ("the code matrix"), whose properties reveal its arithmetical content tagged with the information symbols in several notations. New parameters…
Living organisms are not just random collections of organic molecules. There is continuous information processing going on in the apparent bouncing around of molecules of life. Optimisation criteria in this information processing can be…
How much information can a transmitted physical system fundamentally communicate? We introduce the principle of quantum information causality, which states the maximum amount of quantum information that a quantum system can communicate as a…
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. The code defines a mapping between tri-nucleotide sequences,…
It is shown on a simple classical model of a quantum particle at rest that information contained into the quantum state (quantum information) can be obtained by integrating the corresponding probability distribution on phase space, i.e. by…
The standard genetic code multiplet structure as well as the correct degeneracies, class by class, are all extracted from the (unique) number 23, the order of the permutation group of 23 objects.
We lay a comprehensive foundation for the study of redundant information storage in decoherence processes. Redundancy has been proposed as a prerequisite for objectivity, the defining property of classical objects. We consider two ensembles…
We address the question whether there is a fundamental reason why quantum information is more fragile than classical information. We show that some answers can be found by considering the existence of quantum memories and their dimensional…
The universal genetic code presents a fundamental paradox in molecular biology. Recent advances in synthetic biology have demonstrated that the code is remarkably flexible--organisms can survive with 61 codons instead of 64, natural…
A simple explanation for the symmetry of the genetic code has been suggested. An alternative to the wobble hypothesis has been proposed. The facts revealed in this study offer a new insight into physical mechanisms of the functioning of the…
The aim of the present paper is twofold. First, to give the main ideas behind quantum computingand quantum information, a field based on quantum-mechanical phenomena. Therefore, a shortreview is devoted to (i) quantum bits or qubits (and…
We discuss the usefulness of quantum cloning and present examples of quantum computation tasks for which cloning offers an advantage which cannot be matched by any approach that does not resort to it. In these quantum computations, we need…
For many-particle systems, quantum information in base n can be defined by partitioning the set of states according to the outcomes of n-ary (joint) observables. Thereby, k particles can carry k nits. With regards to the randomness of…