相关论文: When a mass term does not represent a mass

An invariant definition of mass in asymptotically de-Sitter space-times is given that relies on the existence of a time-like Killing vector on a sphere surrounding the mass but does not require going to an asymptotic region. In particular…

In this article the concept of mass is analyzed based on the special and general relativity theories and particle (quantum) physics. The mass of a particle (m=E(0)/c^2) is determined by the minimum (rest) energy to create that particle…

The notions of mass and range of a Brans-Dicke-like scalar field in scalar-tensor and f(R) gravity are subject to an ambiguity that hides a potential trap. We spell out this ambiguity and identify a physically meaningful and practical…

The possibility of mass in the context of scale-invariant, generally covariant theories, is discussed. The realizations of scale invariance which are considered, are in the context of a gravitational theory where the action, in the first…

We discuss a mechanism which generates a mass term for a scalar field in an expanding universe. The mass of this field turns out to be generated by the cosmological constant and can be naturally small if protected by a conformal symmetry…

Postulating that all massless elementary fields have conformal scaling symmetry removes a conflict between gravitational theory and the standard model of elementary quantum fields. If the scalar field essential to SU(2) symmetry breaking…

A new method involving the effective wave function is used to define the mass of a particle in a standard five-dimensional extension of general relativity. The mass is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the scalar field of the extra…

We reconsider the consistency constraints on a free massless symmetric, rank 2, tensor field in a background and confirm that they uniquely require it to be the linear deviation about (cosmological) Einstein gravity. Neither adding…

One might raise a question if the gravitational scalar field (dilaton) mediates a finite-range force between local objects still behaving globally as being massless to implement the scenario of a decaying cosmological constant. We offer a…

The classical notion of center of mass for an isolated system in general relativity is derived from the Hamiltonian formulation and represented by a flux integral at infinity. In contrast to mass and linear momentum which are well-defined…

Mass of singularity is defined, and its relation to whether the singularity is spacelike, timelike or null is discussed for spherically symmetric spacetimes. It is shown that if the mass of singularity is positive (negative) the singularity…

We consider $d$-dimensional static spacetimes in Einstein gravity with a cosmological constant in the presence of a minimally coupled massless scalar field. The spacetimes have a $(d-2)$-dimensional base manifold given by an Einstein space…

The non-integrable mass is studied explicitly in this paper. We study Einstein-scalar gravities with weakened boundary conditions, and calculate the mass with the Hamiltonian formula and Wald's formula respectively. We find the masses…

We show how the scalar field, a candidate of quintessence, in a proposed model of the scalar-tensor theories of gravity provides a way to understand a small but nonzero cosmological constant as indicated by recent observations. A particular…

Some general remarks are made about the quantum theory of scalar fields and the definition of momentum in curved space. Special emphasis is given to field theory in anti-de Sitter space, as it represents a maximally symmetric space-time of…

The concept of mass is central to any theory of gravity. Nevertheless, defining mass in general relativity is a difficult task, and even when it can be accomplished, we still need to investigate whether the typical properties of mass in…

A gravitational field can be defined in terms of a moving frame, which when made noncommutative yields a preferred basis for a differential calculus. It is conjectured that to a linear perturbation of the commutation relations which define…

In two spatial dimensions, spin characterizes how particle states re-phase under changes of frame that leave their momentum and energy invariant. Massless particles can in principle have non-trivial spin in this sense, but all existing…

Classical and quantum complex nonlinear scalar fields are considered. A new approach to the quantization of nonlinear fields and the construction of a perturbation theory with allowance for spontaneous symmetry breaking is proposed, based…

We consider the standard model with local scale invariance. The theory shows exact scale invariance of dimensionally regulated action. We show that massless gauge fields, which may be abelian or non-abelian, lead to vanishing contribution…