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General relativity is a set of physical and geometric principles, which lead to a set of (Einstein) field equations that determine the gravitational field, and to the geodesic equations that describe light propagation and the motion of…

Einstein's general theory of relativity is the standard theory of gravity, especially where the needs of astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics are concerned. As such, this theory is used for many practical purposes…

Recently, a new alternative vector theory of gravity has been proposed which assumes that universe has fixed background Euclidean geometry and gravity is a vector field that alters this geometry [Phys. Scr. 92, 125001 (2017)]. It has been…

The analysis of the data from the distant supernovae (A.Riess et al, Astron.J. {\bf 116}, 1009, (1988)) for acceleration of the expending Universe from the viewpoint of the gravitation equations proposed by one of the authors (Phys.Lett.…

Einstein said that gravity is an acceleration like any other acceleration. But gravity causes relativistic effects at non-relativistic speeds; so gravity could have relativistic origins. And since the strong force is thought to cause most…

It is well known that magnetic force between two current carrying conductors is a relativistic manifestation of net electrostatic force between relatively moving electrons & protons of the two wires. On similar grounds but with more…

Einstein's special theory of relativity revolutionized physics by teaching us that space and time are not separate entities, but join as ``spacetime''. His general theory of relativity further taught us that spacetime is not just a stage on…

Between 1905 and 1907, Einstein first tried to extend the special theory of relativity in such a way so as to explain gravitational phenomena. This was the most natural and simplest path to be taken. These investigations did not fit in with…

We discuss a Modified Field Theory (MOFT) in which the number of fields can vary. It is shown that when the number of fields is conserved MOFT reduces to the standard field theory but interaction constants undergo an additional…

We use astrophysical data to shed light on fundamental physics by constraining parametrized theoretical cosmological and gravitational models. Gravitational parameters are those constants that parametrize possible departures from Einstein's…

We report on a new test of the gravitational redshift and thus of local position invariance, an integral part of the Einstein equivalence principle, which is the foundation of general relativity and all metric theories of gravitation. We…

We present a first-principles' prediction that two charged particles of masses M_1 and M_2 separated R apart in a dielectric vacuum act on each other always an attractive force in addition to other known forces in between. This component…

We present an analysis of different sets of gravitational N-body simulations, all describing the dynamics of discrete particles with a small initial velocity dispersion. They encompass very different initial particle configurations,…

In a previous work it was shown that the gravitational and inertial masses are correlated by an adimensional factor, which depends on the incident radiation upon the particle. It was also shown that there is a direct correlation between the…

Einstein Gravity in 2+1 dimensions arises as a consequence of the equations of motion of a gauge model in an external metric. Newton's constant appears as an order parameter of a spontaneously broken discrete symmetry. Matter is coupled in…

We review the experimental evidence for Einstein's special and general relativity. A variety of high precision null experiments verify the weak equivalence principle and local Lorentz invariance, while gravitational redshift and other clock…

The classical gravitational two-body problem is generalized in order to be applicable also to weak gravitational fields. The equation of motion holds both for terrestrial and large cosmic scales, the Newtonian gravitational law represents a…

Newton's second law: "force = time-derivative of momentum", may also be defined for theories of gravitation endowing space-time with a curved metric. Thus, Einstein's assumption of a geodesic motion may be rewritten in that form, and it…

It was thought that the van der Waals force and gravitational force were distinct. Now a model is used to describe the attraction between macroscopic objects according to van der Waals interaction. The force between two objects with thermal…

We investigate the gravitational property of the quantum vacuum by treating its large energy density predicted by quantum field theory seriously and assuming that it does gravitate to obey the equivalence principle of general relativity. We…