相关论文: Does Recycling in Germinal Centers Exist?

B-terms are built from the B combinator alone defined by B f g x = f (g x), which is well-known as a function composition operator. This paper investigates an interesting property of B-terms, that is, whether repetitive right applications…

A nonlinear autocatalysis of a chiral substance is shown to achieve homochirality in a closed system, if the back-reaction is included. Asymmetry in the concentration of two enantiomers or the enantiometric excess increases due to the…

The size of the core is one of the main diagnostics of the evolutionary state of a globular cluster. Much has been learned over the last few years about the behavior of the core radius during and after core collapse, under a variety of…

The goal of this note is to show how recent results on the theory of quasi-stationary distributions allow to deduce effortlessly general criteria for the geometric convergence of normalized unbounded semigroups.

We define the reflection of a random walk at a general barrier and derive, in case the increments are light tailed and have negative mean, a necessary and sufficient criterion for the global maximum of the reflected process to be finite…

In group testing, the task is to determine the distinguished members of a set of objects L by asking subset queries of the form ``does the subset Q of L contain a distinguished object?'' The primary biological application of group testing…

While periodic responses of periodically forced dissipative nonlinear mechanical systems are commonly observed in experiments and numerics, their existence can rarely be concluded in rigorous mathematical terms. This lack of a priori…

In sexual population, recombination reshuffles genetic variation and produces novel combinations of existing alleles, while selection amplifies the fittest genotypes in the population. If recombination is more rapid than selection,…

The stratified resampling mechanism is one of the resampling schemes commonly used in the resampling steps of particle filters. In the present paper, we prove a central limit theorem for this mechanism under the assumption that the initial…

Mechanisms of immunity, and of the host-pathogen interactions in general are among the most fundamental problems of medicine, ecology, and evolution studies. Here, we present a microscopic, protein-level, sequence-based model of immune…

Dynamics maintaining diversity of cell types in a multi-cellular system are studied in relationship with the plasticity of cellular states. By adopting a simple theoretical framework for intra-cellular chemical reaction dynamics with…

The development of residual strains within a material is a valuable engineering technique for increasing the material's strength and toughness. Residual strains occur naturally in some biominerals and are an important feature that has…

We propose a variation of the GMS model of evolution of species. In this version, as in the GMS model, at each birth, the new species in the system is labeled with a random fitness mark, but in our variation, to each extinction event is…

Some cells have to take decision based on the quality of surroundings ligands, almost irrespective of their quantity, a problem we name "absolute discrimination". An example of absolute discrimination is recognition of not-self by immune T…

A binary fluid mixture in contact with lateral particle reservoirs is considered. By imposing different particle concentrations in these reservoirs, the system can be maintained under controlled non-equilibrium conditions. Previous…

Development combines three basic processes asymmetric --- cell division, signaling and gene regulation --- in a multitude of ways to create an overwhelming diversity of multicellular life-forms. Here, we attempt to chart this diversity…

Recent studies have shown that the majority of published computational models in systems biology and physiology are not repeatable or reproducible. There are a variety of reasons for this. One of the most likely reasons is that given how…

To understand the photophysics of molecular aggregates, exciton model of J- and H-aggregate has been extensively utilized. However, it lacks consideration of crystal symmetry. Although discrete molecules may lack symmetry, their aggregates…

Quantifying the outcomes of cells collisions is a crucial step in building the foundations of a kinetic theory of living matter. Here, we develop a mechanical theory of such collisions by first representing individual cells as extended…

Recent work has shown that some common machine learning classifiers can be compiled into Boolean circuits that have the same input-output behavior. We present a theory for unveiling the reasons behind the decisions made by Boolean…