相关论文: Pascal arrays: counting Catalan sets

Using generalized binomial coefficient identities and some results of John Dougall, we derive some families of series involving the cubes of Catalan numbers. We also establish a family of series containing fourth powers of Catalan numbers.…

Starting from a description of various generalized function algebras based on sequence spaces, we develop the general framework for considering linear problems with singular coefficients or non linear problems. Therefore, we prove…

We provide a setting-independent definition of reals by introducing the notion of a streak. We show that various standard constructions of reals satisfy our definition. We study the structure of reals by noting that its pieces correspond to…

Catalan words are particular growth-restricted words over the set of non-negative integers, and they represent still another combinatorial class counted by the Catalan numbers. We study the distribution of descents on the sets of Catalan…

In this paper, we study the structure of the set of tilings produced by any given tile-set. For better understanding this structure, we address the set of finite patterns that each tiling contains. This set of patterns can be analyzed in…

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First we answer to a question asked by Steingrimsson and Williams about certain permutation tableaux: we construct a bijection between binary trees and the so-called Catalan tableaux. These tableaux are…

Guo-Niu Han [arXiv:2006.14070 [math.CO]] has introduced a new combinatorial object named standard puzzle. We use digraphs to show the relations between numbers in standard puzzles and propose a skeleton model. By this model, we solve the…

This paper is concerned with the foundations of the Calculus of Algebraic Constructions (CAC), an extension of the Calculus of Constructions by inductive data types. CAC generalizes inductive types equipped with higher-order primitive…

A new class of alternating convolutions concerning binomial coefficients and Catalan numbers are evaluated in closed forms.

We present the new combinatorial class of product-coproduct prographs which are planar assemblies of two types of operators: products having two inputs and a single output and coproducts having a single input and two outputs. We show that…

We describe an inner product on the diagrams on which the Temperley-Lieb algebra can be represented. We exhibit several constructions which are in natural combinatorial bijection with these diagrams, which are generalizations of various…

In this paper, we present several novel integral representations of Catalan's constant. We begin by deriving an initial result expressed as a double integral. Subsequently, as a consequence of this result, we establish a general theorem…

We present a formal language with expressions denoting general symbol structures and queries which access information in those structures. A sequence-to-sequence network processing this language learns to encode symbol structures and query…

Vacillating tableaux are sequences of integer partitions that satisfy specific conditions. The concept of vacillating tableaux stems from the representation theory of the partition algebra and the combinatorial theory of crossings and…

We consider Tuenter polynomials as linear combinations of descending factorials and show that coefficients of these linear combinations are expressed via a Catalan triangle of numbers. We also describe a triangle of coefficients in terms of…

There is mounting evidence that existing neural network models, in particular the very popular sequence-to-sequence architecture, struggle to systematically generalize to unseen compositions of seen components. We demonstrate that one of…

For each positive integer $k$, we consider five well-studied posets defined on the set of Dyck paths of semilength $k$. We prove that uniquely sorted permutations avoiding various patterns are equinumerous with intervals in these posets.…

We give an up-to-date perspective with a general overview of the theory of causal properties, the derived causal structures, their classification and applications, and the definition and construction of causal boundaries and of causal…

The Catalan number $C_n$ enumerates parenthesizations of $x_0*\dotsb*x_n$ where $*$ is a binary operation. We introduce the modular Catalan number $C_{k,n}$ to count equivalence classes of parenthesizations of $x_0*\dotsb*x_n$ when $*$…

We prove that the inverse of the Hankel matrix of the reciprocals of the Catalan numbers has integer entries. We generalize the result to an infinite family of generalized Catalan numbers. The Hankel matrices that we consider are associated…