相关论文: Smarandache Multi-Space Theory(I)-Algebraic multi-…

The algebraic structure, linear algebra happens to be one of the subjects which yields itself to applications to several fields like coding or communication theory, Markov chains, representation of groups and graphs, Leontief economic…

In this paper we introduce a new kind of topological space, called 'structured space', which locally resembles various kinds of algebraic structures. This can be useful, for instance, to locally study a space that cannot be globally endowed…

Recently, the theory of symmetric spaces has come to play an increased role in the physics of integrable systems and in quantum transport problems. In addition, it provides a classification of random matrix theories. In this paper we give a…

For the first time, we have introduced the concept of N-groups, N-semigroups, N-loops, and N-groupoids. We also define a mixed N-algebraic structure. The main aim of this book is to attract young mathematicians to this interesting field. It…

We derive an integral formula for the linking number of two submanifolds of the n-sphere S^n, of the product S^n x R^m, and of other manifolds which appear as "nice" hypersurfaces in Euclidean space. The formulas are geometrically…

It is well known since Stasheff's work that 1-fold loop spaces can be described in terms of the existence of higher homotopies for associativity (coherence conditions) or equivalently as algebras of contractible non-symmetric operads. The…

In spacetime physics, we frequently need to consider a set of all spaces (`universes') as a whole. In particular, the concept of `closeness' between spaces is essential. However, there has been no established mathematical theory so far…

Many-body Hilbert space is a functional vector space with the natural structure of an algebra, in which vector multiplication is ordinary multiplication of wave functions. This algebra is finite-dimensional, with exactly $N!^{d-1}$…

General relativity does not allow one to specify the topology of space, leaving the possibility that space is multi-- rather than simply--connected. We review the main mathematical properties of multi--connected spaces, and the different…

The $2n$ dimensional manifold with two mutually commutative operators of differentiation is introduced. Nontrivial multidimensional integrable systems connected with arbitrary graded (semisimple) algebras are constructed. The general…

We construct an example of a real Banach space whose group of surjective isometries has no uniformly continuous one-parameter semigroups, but the group of surjective isometries of its dual contains infinitely many of them. Other examples…

A spatial surface is a compact surface embedded in the 3-sphere. In this paper, we provide several typical examples of spatial surfaces and construct a coloring invariant to distinguish them. The coloring is defined by using a multiple…

A tensor space is a vector space equipped with a finite collection of multilinear forms. The length of a tensor space is its length as a representation of its symmetry group. Infinite dimension tensor spaces of finite length are special,…

The moduli space of triangles is a two-dimensional space that records triangle shapes in the plane, considered up to similarity. We study the subset corresponding to \textit{lattice triangles}, which are triangles whose vertices have…

In this paper, we define probabilistic n-Banach spaces along with some concepts in this field and study convergence in these spaces by some lemmas and theorem.

For an integer $m\geq 1$, a combinatorial manifold $\widetilde{M}$ is defined to be a geometrical object $\widetilde{M}$ such that for $\forall p\in\widetilde{M}$, there is a local chart $(U_p,\phi_p)$ enable $\phi_p:U_p\to…

We give examples of real Banach spaces with exactly infinite countably many complex structures and with $\omega_1$ many complex structures.

A n n-body system is a labelled collection of n point masses in Euclidean space, and their congruence and internal symmetry properties involve a rich mathematical structure which is investigated in the framework of equivariant Riemannian…

The interior structure of arbitrary sets of quaternion units is analyzed using general methods of the theory of matrices. It is shown that the units are composed of quadratic combinations of fundamental objects having a dual mathematical…

The Subspace Theorem is a powerful tool in number theory. It has appeared in various forms and been adapted and improved over time. It's applications include diophantine approximation, results about integral points on algebraic curves and…