相关论文: Some root invariants at the prime 2

Multiplicative order of an element $a$ of group $G$ is the least positive integer $n$ such that $a^n=e$, where $e$ is the identity element of $G$. If the order of an element is equal to $|G|$, it is called generator or primitive root. This…

We introduce a novel class of rotation invariants of two dimensional curves based on iterated integrals. The invariants we present are in some sense complete and we describe an algorithm to calculate them, giving explicit computations up to…

The locally modified finite element method, which is introduced in [Frei, Richter: SINUM 52(2014), p. 2315-2334], is a simple fitted finite element method that is able to resolve weak discontinuities in interface problems. The method is…

In this paper we classify the finite-dimensional pointed rank one Hopf algebras which are generated as algebras by the first element of the coradical filtration over a field of prime characteristic.

We give topological and algebraic characterizations as well as language theoretic descriptions of the following subclasses of first-order logic FO[<] for omega-languages: Sigma_2, FO^2, the intersection of FO^2 and Sigma_2, and Delta_2 (and…

Invariant foliations are geometric structures for describing and understanding the qualitative behaviors of nonlinear dynamical systems. For stochastic dynamical systems, however, these geometric structures themselves are complicated random…

We give closed form expressions for the numbers of multi-rooted plane trees with specified degrees of root vertices. This results in an infinite number of integer sequences some of which are known to have an alternative interpretation. We…

In the late 1980's, it was shown that the Casson invariant appears in the difference between the two filtrations of the Torelli group: the lower central series and the Johnson filtration, and that its core part was identified with the…

The aim of this paper is to study some continuous-time bivariate Markov processes arising from group representation theory. The first component (level) can be either discrete (quasi-birth-and-death processes) or continuous (switching…

Those lectures revolve around the following problem: given a system of n real polynomials in n variables, count the number of real roots. The first lecture is a course on Newton iteration and alpha-theory. The second describes an…

The $2$-primary homotopy $\beta$-family, defined as the collection of Mahowald invariants of Mahowald invariants of $2^i$, $i \geq 1$, is an infinite collection of periodic elements in the stable homotopy groups of spheres. In this paper,…

We introduce a new logic, called \emph{cluster first-order logic}, a restricted fragment of first-order logic specifically designed to study order invariance. An order-invariant formula is one on a vocabulary that contains an order;…

We examine certain maps from root systems to vector spaces over finite fields. By choosing appropriate bases, the images of these maps can turn out to have nice combinatorial properties, which reflect the structure of the underlying root…

We study the first step of the weight filtration on the cohomology of a proper complex algebraic variety, which we call the combinatorial part. We obtain a natural upper bound on its size, which gives rather strong information about the…

In this paper, we reveal an intriguing relationship between two seemingly unrelated notions: letter graphs and geometric grid classes of permutations. An important property common for both of them is well-quasi-orderability, implying, in a…

In this paper we construct multiparametric families of two dimensional metrics with polynomial first integral. Such integrable geodesic flows are described by solutions of some semi-Hamiltonian hydrodynamic type system. We find infinitely…

This paper contains an algebraic constructive and self-contained account of the invariance rule of the digital root under division for an arbitrary natural basis representation. Both the cases of repeating and non-repeating fractionals are…

A new geometric background of graph invariants was introduced by Gutman, of which the simplest is the second Sombor index $SO_2$, defined as $SO_2=SO_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E}\frac{|d^2_G(u)-d^2_G(v)|}{d^2_G(u)+d^2_G(v)}$, where $G = (V, E)$ is a…

Homologically fibered knots are knots whose exteriors satisfy the same homological conditions as fibered knots. In our previous paper, we observed that for such a knot, higher-order Alexander invariants defined by Cochran, Harvey and Friedl…

Degree-$d$-invariant laminations of the disk model the dynamical action of a degree-$d$ polynomial; such a lamination defines an equivalence relation on $S^1$ that corresponds to dynamical rays of an associated polynomial landing at the…