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In many applications, it is important to be able to explain the decisions of machine learning systems. An increasingly popular approach has been to seek to provide \emph{counterfactual instance explanations}. These specify close possible…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-09-22 Adam White , Artur d'Avila Garcez

In this paper, we aim to explain the decisions of neural networks by utilizing multimodal information. That is counter-intuitive attributes and counter visual examples which appear when perturbed samples are introduced. Different from…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-01-28 Sadaf Gulshad , Arnold Smeulders

The remarkable success of Artificial Intelligence in advancing automated decision-making is evident both in academia and industry. Within the plethora of applications, ranking systems hold significant importance in various domains. This…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Alessandro Castelnovo , Riccardo Crupi , Nicolò Mombelli , Gabriele Nanino , Daniele Regoli

Percentiles and more generally, quantiles are commonly used in various contexts to summarize data. For most distributions, there is exactly one quantile that is unbiased. For distributions like the Gaussian that have the same mean and…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-01-11 Rohit Pandey

We give a more strong heuristic justification of our conjecture on the excess of the odious primes.

数论 · 数学 2011-11-10 Vladimir Shevelev

Counterfactual explanations are a popular type of explanation for making the outcomes of a decision making system transparent to the user. Counterfactual explanations tell the user what to do in order to change the outcome of the system in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

In all applications in digital communications, it is crucial for an estimator to be unbiased. Although so-called soft feedback is widely employed in many different fields of engineering, typically the biased estimate is used. In this paper,…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2018-02-21 Susanne Sparrer , Robert F. H. Fischer

The present paper is exclusively devoted to counterexamples about commutators and self commutators of unbounded operators on a Hilbert space. As a bonus, we provide a simpler counterexample than McIntosh's famous example obtained some while…

泛函分析 · 数学 2018-11-27 Mohammed Hichem Mortad

Decisions in organizations are about evaluating alternatives and choosing the one that would best serve organizational goals. To the extent that the evaluation of alternatives could be formulated as a predictive task with appropriate…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2022-06-30 Charles Wan , Rodrigo Belo , Leid Zejnilović

As counterfactual examples become increasingly popular for explaining decisions of deep learning models, it is essential to understand what properties quantitative evaluation metrics do capture and equally important what they do not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-02 Frederik Hvilshøj , Alexandros Iosifidis , Ira Assent

We present a method for obtaining unbiased signal estimates in the presence of a significant unknown background, eliminating the need for a parametric model for the background itself. Our approach is based on a minimal set of conditions for…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2024-03-26 Johannes Diehl , Jakob Knollmüller , Oliver Schulz

This paper describes a method used to construct infinitely many probable counterexamples of the abc conjecture over the rational integers.

数论 · 数学 2007-05-23 N. A. Carella

We present a weighted estimator of the covariance and correlation in bipartite complex systems with a double layer of heterogeneity. The advantage provided by the weighted estimators lies in the fact that the unweighted sample covariance…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2016-12-22 Elena Puccio , Jyrki Piilo , Michele Tumminello

Assessing the fairness of a decision making system with respect to a protected class, such as gender or race, is challenging when class membership labels are unavailable. Probabilistic models for predicting the protected class based on…

应用统计 · 统计学 2018-11-28 Jiahao Chen , Nathan Kallus , Xiaojie Mao , Geoffry Svacha , Madeleine Udell

We suggest an alternative proof of a theorem due to Lambek and Moser using a perceptible model.

数论 · 数学 2012-07-25 Yuval Ginosar

In this paper, we give a simple counter example to the famous Hodge conjecture.

综合数学 · 数学 2013-01-23 Renyi Ma

This paper investigates the efficiency of an alternative to ratio estimator under the super population model with uncorrelated errors and a gamma-distributed auxiliary variable. Comparisons with usual ratio and unbiased estimators are also…

In this short note we present a family of counterexamples to the King's conjecture.

代数几何 · 数学 2011-03-09 Mateusz Michalek

Continuity of measure asserts that the measure of the union of an increasing sequence of sets is equal to the supremum of the measures of those sets. We provide counter examples in the case of uncountable unions. We construct the first…

概率论 · 数学 2025-09-10 Simranjeet Bilkhu , Noah Mills Forman

We present an empirical study of debiasing methods for classifiers, showing that debiasers often fail in practice to generalize out-of-sample, and can in fact make fairness worse rather than better. A rigorous evaluation of the debiasing…