相关论文: Gauge Invariance of QED$_{2+1}$

The problem of the gauge dependence of the fermion mass in the Maxwell-Chern-Simons QED$_{2+1}$ is revisited. Using Proca mass term as an intermediate infrared regulator we are demonstrating gauge-invariance of the fermion mass shell in…

By applying the simple and effective method developed to study the the gauge-invariant fermion Green function in $ 2+1 $ dimensional non-compact QED, we study the gauge-invariant Green function in $ 3+1 $ dimensional QED and $ 2+1 $…

Both the gauge-invariant fermion Green function and gauge-dependent conventional Green function in $ 2+1 $ dimensional QED are studied in the large $ N $ limit. In temporal gauge, the infra-red divergence of gauge-dependent Green function…

We study the electrodynamics of generic charged particles (bosons, fermions, relativistic or not) constrained to move on an infinite plane. An effective gauge theory in 2+1 dimensional spacetime which describes the real electromagnetic…

The Gauge Technique has been applied to QED$_{2+1}$ in the quenched case with infrared subtraction. The behaviour of the fermion propagator near the threshold is then found to be \[ S(p)\to \frac{(\gamma \cdot…

We perform the study of perturbative aspects of a three-dimensional supersymmetric Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Proca theory minimally coupled to scalar superfields. Using the superfield formalism, we derive the propagators for both gauge and…

We consider a Lorentz-violating modification to the fermionic Lagrangian of QED that is known to produce a finite Chern-Simons term at leading order. We compute the second order correction to the one-loop photon self-energy in the massless…

In this paper, we explore (2+1)D quantum electrodynamics (QED) at finite density on a quantum computer, including two fermion flavors. Our method employs an efficient gauge-invariant ansatz together with a quantum circuit structure that…

It is shown the analysis [1] for QED in 2+1 dimensions with N four-component fermions in the leading and next-to-leading orders of the 1/N expansion. As it was demonstrated in [1] the range of the admissible values N, where the dynamical…

It is generally assumed that quantum field theory (QFT) is gauge invariant. However it is well known that non-gauge invariant terms appear in various calculations. This problem was examined in Refs. [3] and [4] and it was shown that at the…

Any practical application of the Schwinger-Dyson equations to the study of $n$-point Green's functions of a field theory requires truncations, the best known being finite order perturbation theory. Strong coupling studies require a…

We study the gauge covariance of the fermion propagator in Maxwell-Chern-Simons planar quantum electrodynamics (QED$_3$) considering four-component spinors with parity-even and parity-odd mass terms both for fermions and photons. Starting…

The celebrated exactly solvable "Schwinger" model, namely massless two-dimensional QED, is revisited. The solution presented here emphasizes the non- perturbative relevance of the topological sector through large gauge transformations whose…

We consider four-dimensional non-Abelian gauge theory living on a complex projective space $\mathbb{CP}^2$ as a way of gaining insights into (3+1)-dimensional QCD. In particular, we use a complex parametrization of gauge fields on which…

We re-examine the perturbative properties of four-dimensional non-commutative QED by extending the pinch techniques to the theta-deformed case. The explicit independence of the pinched gluon self-energy from gauge-fixing parameters, and the…

A gauge-invariant reformulation of QCD in three spacetime dimensions is presented within a Hamiltonian formalism, extending previous work to include fermion fields in the adjoint and fundamental representations. A priori there are several…

The Fried-Yennie gauge is a covariant gauge for which the mass-shell renormalization procedure can be performed without introducing spurious infrared divergences to the theory. It is usually applied in calculations in regular…

We derive a relation between four-fermion QED Green functions of different covariant gauges which defines the gauge dependence completely. We use the derived gauge dependence to check the gauge invariance of atom-like bound state…

Time-independent gauge transformations are implemented in the canonical formalism by the Gauss law which is not covariant. The covariant form of Gauss law is conceptually important for studying asymptotic properties of the gauge fields. For…

Quantum electrodynamics in three spacetime dimensions, with one massless fermion species, is studied using a non-perturbative variational approach. Quantization of the theory follows Dirac's Hamiltonian procedure, with a gauge invariant…