相关论文: Mass Splittings From Symmetry Obstruction

In the most general formulation of gravity, the metric and connection are independent degrees of freedom, and the connection may include torsion and non-metricity (or distortion, collectively) degrees of freedom, resulting in a huge number…

In quantum many-body systems with kinetically constrained dynamics, the Hilbert space can split into exponentially many disconnected subsectors, a phenomenon known as Hilbert-space fragmentation. We study the interplay of such fragmentation…

To explaine the matter-antimatter asymmetry, a supersymmetric extention of the standard model is proposed where baryon and lepton numbers are local gauged(BLMSSM), and exotic superfields are introduced when gauge group is enlarged to…

At an elementary level, we present some non-perturbative aspects of non-abelian gauge theories in four dimensional space-time. Some rigorous results have been obtained in the framework of supersymmetric theories, and a very rich physics…

Broken spacetime symmetries might emerge from a fundamental physical theory. The effective low-energy theory might be expected to exhibit violations of supersymmetry and Lorentz invariance. Some illustrative models which combine…

In terms of a gauge-invariant matrix parametrization of the fields, we give an analysis of how the mass gap could arise in non-Abelian gauge theories in two spatial dimensions.

We discuss the $2+1$ dimensional Abelian Higgs model coupled to $N=2$ supergravity. We construct the supercharge algebra and, from it, we show that the mass of classical static solutions is bounded from below by the topological charge. As…

The theories of brane world and multidimensional gravity are widely discussed in the literature in connection with problems of evolution of early Universe, including dark matter and energy. A natural physical concept is that a distinguished…

We study the phase diagram of a topological string-net type lattice model in the presence of geometrically frustrated interactions. These interactions drive several phase transitions that reduce the topological order, leading to a rich…

A global symmetry of a quantum field theory is said to have an 't Hooft anomaly if it cannot be promoted to a local symmetry of a gauged theory. In this paper, we show that the anomaly is also an obstruction to defining symmetric boundary…

In spacetimes of any dimensionality, the massless particle states that can be created and destroyed by a field in a given representation of the Lorentz group are severely constrained by the condition that the invariant Abelian subgroup of…

Isolated quantum systems in extreme conditions can exhibit unusually large occupancies per mode. This over-population gives rise to new universality classes of many-body systems far from equilibrium. We present theoretical evidence that…

We review the mechanisms of supersymmetry breaking mediation that occur in sequestered models, where the visible and the hidden sectors are separated by an extra dimension and communicate only via gravitational interactions. By locality,…

We present a numerical investigation of the dynamics of symmetry breaking in both Abelian and non-Abelian $[S U (2)]$ Higgs models in three spatial dimensions. We find a class of time-dependent, long-lived nonperturbative field…

We identify a non-local symmetry for Yang-Mills theories in 1+1 and 2+1 spacetime dimensions. The symmetry mixes a vector current with the gauge field. The current involved in the symmetry is required to satisfy certain constraints. The…

In 2 + 1 dimensions, in the presence of gravity, supersymmetry can ensure the vanishing of the cosmological constant without requiring the equality of bose and fermi masses.

Scale symmetry is a fundamental symmetry of physics that seems however not to be fully realized in the universe. Here, we focus on the astronomical scales ruled by gravity, where scale symmetry holds and gives rise to a truly scale…

The dipole anomaly in the power spectrum of CMB may indicate that the Lorentz boost invarianc is violated at cosmic scale. We assume that the Lorentz symmetry is violated partly from the scale of galaxy. We employ the symmetry of very…

We examine the spin asymmetry of ground states for two-dimensional, harmonically trapped two-component gases of fermionic atoms at zero temperature with weakly repulsive short range interactions. Our main result is that, in contrast to the…

The review considers the peculiarities of symmetry breaking and symmetry transformations and the related physical effects in finite quantum systems. Some types of symmetry in finite systems can be broken only asymptotically. However, with a…