相关论文: Gauge Invariance of Green Functions: Background-Fi…

Application of the background-field method to the electroweak Standard-Model yields a gauge-invariant effective action giving rise to simple Ward identities. We find that in the background-field `t Hooft-Feynman gauge the resulting vertex…

Application of the background-field method yields a gauge-invariant effective action for the electroweak Standard Model, from which simple QED-like Ward identities are derived. As a consequence of these Ward identities, the background-field…

The application of the background-field method to the electroweak Standard Model is reviewed and further explored. Special emphasis is put on questions of gauge invariance and gauge-parameter (in-)dependence. Owing to the gauge invariance…

The application of the background-field method to the electroweak Standard Model and its virtues are reviewed. Special emphasis is directed to the Ward identities that follow from the gauge invariance of the background-field effective…

The connection between the pinch technique and the background field method is further explored. We show by explicit calculations that the application of the pinch technique in the framework of the background field method gives rise to…

It is shown that Cornwall's pinch technique can be extended in a consistent diagrammatic way, so as to describe general background field gauges in Yang-Mills theories. The resulting one-loop Green's functions are found to obey Ward…

We show that the background field method (BFM) is a simple way of deriving the same gauge-invariant results which are obtained by the pinch technique (PT). For illustration we construct gauge-invariant self-energy and three-point vertices…

The graphical method discussed previously can be used to create new gauges not reachable by the path-integral formalism. By this means a new gauge is designed for more efficient two-loop QCD calculations. It is related to but simpler than…

Using the background field method, we, in the large $N_f$ approximation, calculate the beta function of scalar quantum electrodynamics at the first nontrivial order in $1/N_f$ by two different ways. In the first way, we get the result by…

We review the theoretical foundations and most important physical applications of the Pinch Technique (PT). This method allows the construction of off-shell Green's functions in non-Abelian gauge theories that are independent of the…

We discuss some algebraic properties of the background field method. We introduce an extra gauge-fixing term for the background gauge field right at the beginning in the action in such a way that BRST invariance is preserved. The background…

One method for deriving a factorization for QCD processes is to use successive integration over fields in the functional integral. In this approach, we separate the fields into two categories: dynamical fields with momenta above a relevant…

In this article we study in detail the prospects of determining the infrared finite QCD effective charge from a special kinematic limit of the vertex function corresponding to three background gluons. This particular Green's function…

We outline the pinch technique for constructing gauge invariant Green's functions in gauge theories and derive the Ward identities that must be satisfied by the gauge invariant three boson vertices of the standard model. They are…

This article reports on a very recent proposal for a new type of process-independent QCD effective charge [Phys.Rev.D96(2017)054026] defined, as an anologue of the Gell-Mann-Low effective charge in QCD, on the ground of nothing but the…

We analyze the problem of general covariance for quantum gravity theories in the background field formalism with respect to gauge fixing procedure. We prove that the background effective action is not invariant under general coordinate…

The question of the definition of effective charges for non-abelian gauge theories is discussed, focusing in particular on both the pinch technique and background field method approaches. It is argued that there does exist a unique…

In this paper we take the first step towards a non-diagrammatic formulation of the Pinch Technique. In particular we proceed into a systematic identification of the parts of the one-loop and two-loop Feynman diagrams that are exchanged…

The aim of this paper is to give a firm and clear proof of the existence in the background field framework of a gauge invariant effective action for any gauge theory ({\it background gauge equivalence}). Here by effective action we mean a…

We discuss gauge symmetry and Ward-Takahashi identities for Wilsonian flows in pure Yang-Mills theories. The background field formalism is used for the construction of a gauge invariant effective action. The symmetries of the effective…