相关论文: Mass gap from pressure inequalities

The general formula is derived for the vacuum friction force between two parallel perfectly flat planes bounding two material media separated by a vacuum gap and moving relative to each other with a constant velocity $\mathbf{v}$. The…

Theory and experiment have long discussed negative thermodynamic pressure states, but their microscopic origins are unclear. I address this problem within the framework of quantum thermodynamics. I show that the pressure exerted on the…

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation is an inequality stating that it is impossible to attain higher precision than the bound defined by entropy production. In statistical inference theory, information inequalities assert that it is…

Calorimetry for equilibrium systems aims to determine the available microscopic occupation and distribution of energy levels by measuring thermal response. Nonequilibrium versions are expected to add information on the dynamical…

For over a century the definitions of mass and derivations of its relation with energy continue to be elaborated, demonstrating that the concept of mass is still not satisfactorily understood. The aim of this study is to show that, starting…

A new approach is presented to compute entropy for massless scalar quantum fields. By perturbing a skewed correlation matrix composed of field operator correlation functions, the mutual information is obtained for disjoint spherical regions…

We consider many-body quantum systems that exhibit quantum chaos, in the sense that the observables of interest act on energy eigenstates like banded random matrices. We study the time-dependent expectation values of these observables,…

In quantum theory the vacuum is defined as a state of minimum energy that is devoid of particles but still not completely empty. It is perhaps more surprising that its definition depends on the geometry of the system and on the trajectory…

It is well known that the energy density of a quantum state can be negative. It has been shown that there are limits on this negative energy density which are called the quantum inequalities. In this paper we will demonstrate an example of…

A novel mechanism for explaining the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe is considered. We assume that the universe starts from completely symmetric state and then, as it cools down, it undergoes a quantum-phase transition which in…

A broad set of sufficient conditions that guarantees the existence of the maximum entropy (maxent) distribution consistent with specified bounds on certain generalized moments is derived. Most results in the literature are either focused on…

It has been suggested recently that `$q$-exponential' distributions which form the basis of Tsallis' non-extensive thermostatistical formalism may be viewed as mixtures of exponential (Gibbs) distributions characterized by a fluctuating…

Meson mass spectra, evaluated in the framework of the relativistic model of quasi-independent quarks, are presented. Mass values are obtained with the help of numerical calculations based on the Dirac equation and by phenomenological mass…

We prove an analogue of the "bottleneck theorem", well-known for classical Markov chains, for Markovian quantum channels. In particular, we show that if two regions (subspaces) of Hilbert space are separated by a region that has very low…

The low-temperature form of the equilibrium relativistic mass distribution is subject to the Galilean limit by taking $c\rightarrow \infty .$ In this limit the relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution passes to the usual nonrelativistic…

The existence of both a minimum mass and a minimum density in nature, in the presence of a positive cosmological constant, is one of the most intriguing results in classical general relativity. These results follow rigorously from the…

The quark masses evaluated by the Particle Data Group are consistent with terms in a geometric progression of mass values descending from the Planck Mass. The common ratio of the sequence is 2/pi. The quarks occupy the 'principal' levels of…

Estimating the temperature and metal abundance of the intracluster and the intragroup media is crucial to determine their global metal content and to determine fundamental cosmological parameters. When a spatially resolved temperature or…

We present a number of arguments to demonstrate that a quantum analog of Cherenkov effect occurs when two dispersive objects are in relative motion. Specifically we show that two semi-infinite plates experience friction beyond a threshold…

If the conditional information of a classical probability distribution of three random variables is zero, then it obeys a Markov chain condition. If the conditional information is close to zero, then it is known that the distance (minimum…