相关论文: Why the Very High Multiplicity events are rare
Several aspects of regularity theory for parabolic systems are investigated under the effect of random perturbations. The deterministic theory, when strict parabolicity is assumed, presents both classes of systems where all weak solutions…
This supplementary information contains detailed derivations, comparison to experiment, and discussion of other miscellaneous issues omitted from the main text.
Extreme events have an important role which is sometime catastrophic in a variety of natural phenomena including climate, earthquakes and turbulence, as well as in man-made environments like financial markets. Statistical analysis and…
In many applications of the probabilistic method, one looks to study phenomena that occur ``with high probability''. More recently however, in an attempt to understand some of the most fundamental problems in combinatorics, researchers have…
It is generally believed that more observations provide more information. However, we observe that in the independence test for rare events, the power of the test is, surprisingly, determined by the number of rare events rather than the…
There has been a long-standing and at times fractious debate whether complex and large systems can be stable. In ecology, the so-called `diversity-stability debate' arose because mathematical analyses of ecosystem stability were either…
Recent results in QCD on multiplicity distributions are briefly reviewed. QCD is able to predict very tiny features of multiplicity distributions which demonstrate that the negative binomial distribution (and, more generally, any infinitely…
A simple weakly frequency dependent model for the dynamics of a population with a finite number of types is proposed, based upon an advantage of being rare. In the infinite population limit, this model gives rise to a non-smooth dynamical…
A novel powerful mathematical method is presented, which allows us to find an analytical solution of a simplified version of the statistical multifragmentation model with the restriction that the largest fragment size cannot exceed the…
The analysis of experimental data with mixed-effects models requires decisions about the specification of the appropriate random-effects structure. Recently, Barr, Levy, Scheepers, and Tily, 2013 recommended fitting `maximal' models with…
In this article we discuss estimation of the common variance of several normal populations with tree order restricted means. We discuss the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator of the variance as the number of…
Sudden death of entanglement is a well-known effect resulting from the finite volume of separable states. We study the case when the observer has a limited measurement capability and analyse the effective entanglement, i.e. entanglement…
This paper examines the statistical mechanical and thermodynamical consequences of variable phase-space volume element $h_I=\bigtriangleup x_i\bigtriangleup p_i$. Varying $h_I$ leads to variations in the amount of measured information of a…
It is demonstrated that in low multiplicity sample, the increase of the fluctuation of event-factorial-moments with the diminishing of phase space scale, called ``erraticity'', are dominated by the statistical fluctuations. The erraticity…
In this work we generalize standard Decision Theory by assuming that two outcomes can also be incomparable. Two motivating scenarios show how incomparability may be helpful to represent those situations where, due to lack of information,…
Complexity theory is a useful tool to study computational issues surrounding the elicitation of preferences, as well as the strategic manipulation of elections aggregating together preferences of multiple agents. We study here the…
Improving Importance Sampling estimators for rare event probabilities requires sharp approx- imations of the optimal density leading to a nearly zero-variance estimator. This paper presents a new way to handle the estimation of the…
Extreme events are unusual and rare large-amplitude fluctuations that occur can unexpectedly in nonlinear dynamical systems. Events above the extreme event threshold of the probability distribution of a nonlinear process characterize…
Attempts to derive the Born rule, either in the Many Worlds or Copenhagen interpretation, are unsatisfactory for systems with only a finite number of degrees of freedom. In the case of Many Worlds this is a serious problem, since its goal…
Pinning control on complex dynamical networks has emerged as a very important topic in recent trends of control theory due to the extensive study of collective coupled behaviors and their role in physics, engineering and biology. In…