相关论文: Volume Integral Theorem for Exotic Matter

The present article lies at the interface between gravity, a highly nonlinear phenomenon, and quantum field theory. The nonlinear field equations of Einstein permit the theoretical existence of classical wormholes. One of the fundamental…

Traversable wormholes necessarily require violations of the averaged null energy condition; this being the definition of ``exotic matter''. However, the theorems which guarantee the energy condition violation are remarkably silent when it…

It has been suggested that the cosmological constant is a variable dynamical quantity. A class of solution has been presented for the spherically symmetric space time describing wormholes by assuming the erstwhile cosmological constant…

Firstly, we review the pointwise and averaged energy conditions, the quantum inequality and the notion of the ``volume integral quantifier'', which provides a measure of the ``total amount'' of energy condition violating matter. Secondly,…

We present a traversable-wormhole solution of the gravitational field equation of General Relativity without need of exotic matter (exotic matter can, for example, have negative energy density and vanishing isotropic pressure). Instead of…

The `theoretical' existence of traversable Lorentzian wormholes in the classical, macroscopic world is plagued by the violation of the well--known energy conditions of General Relativity. In this brief article we show : (i) how the extent…

The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) states that the integral along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the tangent vector to the geodesic cannot be negative. Exotic spacetimes, such as those…

We provide a new model of higher dimensional wormholes supported by phantom energy derived from a scalar field with negative kinetic term. We have shown that the Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) violating phantom energy can be reduced…

Wormholes are tunnels connecting two different points in space-time. In Einstein's General Relativity theory, wormholes are expected to be filled by exotic matter, i.e., matter that does not satisfy the energy conditions and may have…

It is well known that solutions of general relativity which allow for traversable wormholes require the existence of exotic matter (matter that violates weak or null energy conditions [WEC or NEC]). In this article, we provide a class of…

Traversable wormhole solutions in General Relativity require exotic matter sources that violate the null energy condition (NEC), and such behavior maybe avoided in modified gravity. In this study, we analyze the energy conditions for…

We review a new traversable-wormhole solution of the gravitational field equation of general relativity without exotic matter. Instead of having exotic matter to keep the wormhole throat open, the solution relies on a 3-dimensional…

We propose wormholes solutions by assuming space dependent equation of state parameter. Our models show that the existence of wormholes is supported by arbitrary small quantities of averaged null energy condition (ANEC) violating phantom…

It has been proven that in standard Einstein gravity, exotic matter is required to stabilize traversable wormholes. Quantum field theory permits these violations due to the quantum coherent effects found in any quantum field. Even…

A fundamental ingredient in wormhole physics is the presence of exotic matter, which involves the violation of the null energy condition. Although a plethora of wormhole solutions have been explored in the literature, it is useful to find…

Wormholes allowed by the general theory of relativity that are simultaneously traversable by humanoid travelers are subject to severe constraints from quantum field theory, particularly the so-called quantum inequalities, here slightly…

We present new traversable wormhole and non-singular black hole solutions in pure, scale-free $R^2$ gravity. These exotic solutions require no null energy condition violating or "exotic" matter and are supported only by the vacuum of the…

Wormholes are tunnels connecting different regions in space-time. They were obtained originally as a solution for Einstein's General Relativity theory and according to this theory they need to be filled by an exotic kind of anisotropic…

The averaged null energy condition has been recently shown to hold for linear quantum fields in a large class of spacetimes. Nevertheless, it is easy to show by using a simple scaling argument that ANEC as stated cannot hold generically in…

Recently several models of traversable wormholes have been proposed which require only arbitrarily small amounts of negative energy to hold them open against self-collapse. If the exotic matter is assumed to be provided by quantum fields,…