相关论文: Detection of negative energy: 4-dimensional exampl…

The properties of a one space-dimension, one particle dynamical system under the influence of a purely dissipative force are investigated. Assuming this force depends only on the velocity, it is demonstrated, in contrast to the case of…

Measurable quantities that have positive values in classical dynamical systems need not to be positive in quantum theory. For example, consider a free quantum mechanical particle in one dimension. There are quantum states in which the…

We analyze the statistical mechanical properties of n-detectors in arbitrary states of motion interacting with each other via a quantum field. We use the open system concept and the influence functional method to calculate the influence of…

The interaction of a particle with vacuum fluctuations--which theoretically exist even in the complete absence of matter--can lead to observable irreversible decoherence if it were possible to switch on and off the particle charge suddenly.…

We consider an ionic fluid made with two species of mobile particles carrying either a positive or a negative charge. We derive a sum rule for the fourth moment of equilibrium charge correlations. Our method relies on the study of the…

Recent astronomical observations suggest that the bulk of energy in the Universe is repulsive and appears like a dark component with negative pressure ($\omega \equiv p_x/\rho_x < 0$). In this work we investigate thermodynamic and…

We consider a particle detector model on 1+1-dimensional Minkowski space-time that is accelerated by a constant external acceleration a. The detector is coupled to a massless scalar test field. Due to the Unruh effect, this detector becomes…

In classical physics the energy density of a field, such as the electromagnetic field, is always positive. However, in quantum field theory it has been shown that the energy density can be negative. There are restrictions, called the…

Using standard linear response relations, we derive the quantum limit on the sensitivity of a generic linear-response position detector, and the noise temperature of a generic linear amplifier. Particular emphasis is placed on the…

Existing and planned neutrino detectors, sensitive in the energy regime from 10^{17} eV to 10^{23} eV, offer opportunities for particle physics and cosmology. In this contribution, we discuss particularly the possibilities to infer…

We quantify the quantum correlations between two accelerated detectors coupled to a scalar field in a cavity. It has been realized that an accelerated detector will experience a thermal bath, which is termed the Unruh effect. We examine the…

We discuss quantum inequalities for minimally coupled scalar fields in static spacetimes. These are inequalities which place limits on the magnitude and duration of negative energy densities. We derive a general expression for the quantum…

A simple argument shows that negative energy cannot be isolated far away from positive energy in a conformal field theory and strongly constrains its possible dispersal. This is also required by consistency with the Bekenstein bound written…

We present a comprehensive phase-space analysis of a quadratic dark energy model where the pressure includes a nonlinear term proportional to the square of the energy density. This minimal extension beyond the $\Lambda$CDM framework…

The origin of negative pressure fluid (the dark energy) is investigated in the quantum model of the homogeneous, isotropic and closed universe filled with a uniform scalar field and a perfect fluid which defines a reference frame. The…

Newton's second law has limited scope of application when transient phenomena are present. We consider a modification of Newton's second law in order to take into account a sudden change (surge) of angular momentum or linear momentum. We…

The principle of microscopic reversibility lies at the core of fluctuation theorems, which have extended our understanding of the second law of thermodynamics to the statistical level. In the quantum regime, however, this elementary…

We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, wich are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle…

We investigate measurement of electron transport in quantum dot systems by using single-electron transistor as a noninvasive detector. It is demonstrated that such a detector can operate in the ``negative-result measurement'' regime. In…

We analyze the oscillations of Rydberg atoms in the framework of quantum field theory and we reveal non-trivial vacuum energy which has the equation of state of the dark matter. This energy is similar to that expected for mixed neutrinos…