相关论文: Ultrametric Distance in Syntax

It is often stated that human languages, as other biological systems, are shaped by cost-cutting pressures but, to what extent? Attempts to quantify the degree of optimality of languages by means of an optimality score have been scarce and…

We probe the layers in multilingual BERT (mBERT) for phylogenetic and geographic language signals across 100 languages and compute language distances based on the mBERT representations. We 1) employ the language distances to infer and…

Recursive neural models, which use syntactic parse trees to recursively generate representations bottom-up, are a popular architecture. But there have not been rigorous evaluations showing for exactly which tasks this syntax-based method is…

Metric search is concerned with the efficient evaluation of queries in metric spaces. In general,a large space of objects is arranged in such a way that, when a further object is presented as a query, those objects most similar to the query…

Fitting distances to tree metrics and ultrametrics are two widely used methods in hierarchical clustering, primarily explored within the context of numerical taxonomy. Given a positive distance function…

The syntactic structure of a sentence can be modelled as a tree, where vertices correspond to words and edges indicate syntactic dependencies. It has been claimed recurrently that the number of edge crossings in real sentences is small.…

The paper presents a constraint based semantic formalism for HPSG. The syntax-semantics interface directly implements syntactic conditions on quantifier scoping and distributivity. The construction of semantic representations is guided by…

We use reinforcement learning to learn tree-structured neural networks for computing representations of natural language sentences. In contrast with prior work on tree-structured models in which the trees are either provided as input or…

Embedded topic models are able to learn interpretable topics even with large and heavy-tailed vocabularies. However, they generally hold the Euclidean embedding space assumption, leading to a basic limitation in capturing hierarchical…

CPEG is an extended parsing expression grammar with regex-like capture annotation. Two annotations (capture and left-folding) allow a flexible construction of syntax trees from arbitrary parsing patterns. More importantly, CPEG is designed…

Dependency distance minimization (DDm) is a word order principle favouring the placement of syntactically related words close to each other in sentences. Massive evidence of the principle has been reported for more than a decade with the…

Approaches form the foundation for conducting scientific research. Querying approaches from a vast body of scientific papers is extremely time-consuming, and without a well-organized management framework, researchers may face significant…

In a lexicalized grammar formalism such as Lexicalized Tree-Adjoining Grammar (LTAG), each lexical item is associated with at least one elementary structure (supertag) that localizes syntactic and semantic dependencies. Thus a parser for a…

Recent advances in large language models enable documents to be represented as dense semantic embeddings, supporting similarity-based operations over large text collections. However, many web-scale systems still rely on flat clustering or…

For a finite lattice $\Lambda$, $\Lambda$-ultrametric spaces have, among other reasons, appeared as a means of constructing structures with lattices of equivalence relations embedding $\Lambda$. This makes use of an isomorphism of…

Linear extended top-down tree transducers (or synchronous tree-substitution grammars) are popular formal models of tree transformations. The expressive power of compositions of such transducers with and without regular look-ahead is…

A combination of hierarchical tree-like data structures and data access patterns from fast multipole methods and hierarchical low-rank approximation of linear operators from H-matrix methods appears to form an algorithmic path forward for…

The meaning of a sentence is a function of the relations that hold between its words. We instantiate this relational view of semantics in a series of neural models based on variants of relation networks (RNs) which represent a set of…

The class of self-nested trees presents remarkable compression properties because of the systematic repetition of subtrees in their structure. In this paper, we provide a better combinatorial characterization of this specific family of…

There is a well-known correspondence between infinite trees and ultrametric spaces which can be interpreted as an equivalence of categories and comes from considering the end space of the tree. In this equivalence, uniformly continuous maps…